Synthesis and characterization of valonea tannin resin and its interaction with palladium (II), rhodium (III) chloro complexes

Can, Mustafa; Bulut, Emrah; Örnek, Ahmet; Özacar, Mahmut

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2013.01.043

Cited by 67 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…All black carbons showed a band at 1590 cm -1 that can be attributed to stretching of -C = C-bonds formed in the carbonization process [25,26]. Characteristic bands of carboxylic group (-COOH) stretching modes at 1701cm -1 are also observed [26][27][28].…”

Section: Characterization Of the Synthesized Black Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Biodiesel wastes: An abundant and promising source for the preparation of acidic catalysts for utilization in etherification reaction

Gonçalves

Mantovani

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Environmentally friendly sulfonated black carbon (BC) catalysts were prepared from biodiesel waste, glycerol. These black carbons (BCs) contain a high amount of acidic groups, mainly sulfonated and oxygenated groups. Furthermore, these catalysts show a high catalytic activity in the glycerol etherification reaction with tertbutyl alcohol, the activity being larger for the sample prepared with a higher glycerol:sulfuric acid ratio (1:3). The yield for mono-tert-butyl glycerol (MTBG), ditert-butyl glycerol (DTBG) and tri-tert-butyl-glycerol (TTBG) were very similar to those obtained using a commercial resin, Amberlyst-15. Furthermore, experimental results show that the carbon with the lowest acidic surface group content, BC prepared in minor glycerol:sulfuric acid ratio (10:1), can be chemically treated after carbonization to achieve an improved catalytic activity. The activity of all BCs is high and very similar, about 50% and 20% for the MTBG and DTBG + TTBG, respectively.

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Section: Characterization Of the Synthesized Black Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Biodiesel wastes: An abundant and promising source for the preparation of acidic catalysts for utilization in etherification reaction

Gonçalves

Mantovani

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…Adsorption studies have shown that materials such as activated carbon, phosphate and natural phosphate have been applied for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater on a commercial scale, but these adsorbents have been certified to have limited application for the removal of Pb , asbestos, cysts, and coliform [10][11][12], hence the non-application of these adsorbents as a primary filter in water treatment. Recent studies have shown that heavy metals can be removed from water and wastewater by efficient, low-cost remediation plant materials and natural tannin adsorbent [13][14][15]. Zhao et al [16] and Binaeian et al [17] reported that fabricated tannin-based dithiocarbamate and hexagonal mesoporous silicate biosorbents are efficient in the removal of Ni and anionic dye from aqueous solutions, respectively.…”

Section: Sequential Extraction Of Tanninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Pb2+ from Water by Synthesized Tannin Resins from Invasive South African Trees

Okoli

Shilowa

Anyanwu

et al. 2018

Water

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Contamination of water by Pb2+ and the threat of invasive vegetation affects the quality and quantity of water accessible to all life forms and has become a primary concern to South Africa and the world at large. This paper synthesized, characterized, and evaluated the resins from tannin-rich invasive Acacia species as an environmentally benign Pb 2+ adsorbent. The analysis of the pore volume and surface area of the resins reveals a small pore dimension of 9 × 10 −3 cc/g and large surface area (2.31-8.65 m 2 /g), presenting suitable physical parameters for adsorption of Pb 2+ . Langmuir model offers the best correlation data at pH 6 with maximum monolayer coverage capacity of 189.30, 105.70 and 98.82 mg/g for silver, black and green wattle tannin resins in aqueous solutions, respectively. The kinetic data suitably fits into a pseudo-second-order model, with the Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption energy (E) ≤ 7.07 KJ/mol and intra-particle diffusion model confirming an associated physisorption process within the bio-sorption system. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) data of the resins were informative of the high thermal stability and chelating functionality such as -OH and -NH 2 responsible for the removal of Pb 2+ . All the resins showed good adsorption characteristics while silver wattle tannin resin has the best adsorption capacity compared to black and green wattle tannin resins. This study provides a prototype adsorbent from invasive plants for the removal of Pb 2+ in water.

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“…The peaks at 1325 and 1038 cm −1 in the spectrum of valonia tannin indicate phenol groups (Garro-Galvez et al 1996;Holopainen et al 1998;Lin et al 2011). The deformation of the carboxylic acid O-H group can be observed at 1177 cm −1 (Can et al 2013). Compared with the FTIR spectrum of valonia tannin, the spectra of VTF resins underwent some changes.…”

Section: Ftir Studiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reactivity of Larch and Valonia Tannins in Synthesis of Tannin-Formaldehyde Resins

Wang

et al. 2016

BioResources

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Tannin-formaldehyde resins (TFR) were prepared by copolycondensation of tannins (larch tannin or valonia tannin) and formaldehyde. The performances of TFR and the free formaldehyde residue in the system during the course of reaction were tested. Chemical and structural changes of TFR during the reaction process were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 13 C NMR). The results indicated that larch tannin-formaldehyde (LTF) resins demonstrated higher viscosity, higher solids content, shorter gel time, and lower free formaldehyde content than valonia tannin-formaldehyde (VTF) resins. The FTIR and 13 C NMR tests demonstrated that larch tannin had higher reactivity than valonia tannin with formaldehyde, which was confirmed by the results of the free formaldehyde content measurement and the characteristics of TFR.

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Synthesis and characterization of valonea tannin resin and its interaction with palladium (II), rhodium (III) chloro complexes

Cited by 67 publications

References 88 publications

Biodiesel wastes: An abundant and promising source for the preparation of acidic catalysts for utilization in etherification reaction

Biodiesel wastes: An abundant and promising source for the preparation of acidic catalysts for utilization in etherification reaction

Removal of Pb2+ from Water by Synthesized Tannin Resins from Invasive South African Trees

Reactivity of Larch and Valonia Tannins in Synthesis of Tannin-Formaldehyde Resins

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