Synthesis and characterization of Torlon-based polyion complex for direct methanol and polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Nagar, Harsha; Rao, V. V. Basava; Sridhar, S.

doi:10.1007/s10853-017-1008-7

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Direct alcohol fuel cells utilizing methanol and ethanol as fuels have been given careful consideration. 1,2 Methanol and ethanol are economical fuels because they are simple to transport and store. In addition, low poisoning and renewability make them be the preferential fuels in direct alcohol fuel cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Urea Electrooxidation on PbO₂-Ni/C and Bi₂O₃-Ni/C Nanocomposites in Alkaline Medium

Tammam

Hassan

2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Development of efficient catalysts for urea electrooxidation is a current issue due to its ability to generate H 2 and its use as fuel for low-temperature fuel cells. In this work, non-precious Ni and Ni-metal oxide (PbO 2 and Bi 2 O 3 ) nanocomposites were prepared by electrodeposition technique and used as anodes for urea electrooxidation in NaOH solution. The surface characterizations were carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The electrocatalytic activity was investigated by applying different electrochemical techniques. Remarkable catalytic activities and stabilities toward urea electrooxidation were recorded for PbO 2 -Ni/C and Bi 2 O 3 -Ni/C nanocomposites more than that of Ni/C. The recorded oxidation peak current densities on PbO 2 -Ni/C, Bi 2 O 3 -Ni/C and Ni/C are (80 mA cm −2 at +570 mV), (27 mA cm −2 at +460 mV), and (18.5 mA cm −2 at +440 mV), respectively. The onset potentials of the oxidation processes shifted to lower potentials by values of +40 mV and +150 mV on Bi 2 O 3 -Ni/C and PbO 2 -Ni/C, respectively compared to that on Ni/C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed charge transfer resistance values of 6.8, 28.9 and 42.2 Ω cm 2 for PbO 2 -Ni/C, Bi 2 O 3 -Ni/C and Ni/C, respectively in urea solution at +356 mV. Higher catalytic activity, exchange current density, diffusion coefficient, electron transfer rate and lower charge transfer resistance toward urea electrooxidation were recorded for Bi 2 O 3 -Ni/C and PbO 2 -Ni/C nanocomposites. The electrocatalytic performance was found in the order of PbO 2 -Ni/C > Bi 2 O 3 -Ni/C > Ni/C. Application of these nanocomposites in applications related to H 2 production, direct urea fuel cells, and water treatments is possible.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Urea Electrooxidation on PbO₂-Ni/C and Bi₂O₃-Ni/C Nanocomposites in Alkaline Medium

Tammam

Hassan

2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…RDF of a system defines how the density of particles varies as a function of particle inter‐atomic distance ( r ) between two species

A

and

B

, totaling.

N_{A}

is the total volumes of particles A while

N_{B}

stands for particles B in a system, and V is the system's volume 25–27 . Coordination numbers can also be calculated using Equation through RDF, explaining the ion's transport mechanism.

g_{italicAB} (r) = \frac{V [\sum (r -| r_{italicai} - r_{italicbi})]}{(N_{A} N_{B} - N_{italicAB}) 4 π r^{2} dr},

N_{italicAB} = \int 4 πρ r^{2} g_{italicAB} (r) dr,

wherein

N_{italicAB}

= coordination number,

ρ

= density, and

g_{italicAB} (r)

= RDF.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N A is the total volumes of particles A while N B stands for particles B in a system, and V is the system's volume. [25][26][27] Coordination numbers can also be calculated using Equation 5through RDF, explaining the ion's transport mechanism.…”

Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel modified polyethersulfone high temperature and low humidity fuel cell membrane: Experimental and simulation study

Al Mesfer,

Al‐Dahhan,

Danish

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The present study focuses on synthesizing a high‐temperature stable membrane working under low relative humidity (RH) by aminating the traditional polyethersulfone polymer with aniline for fuel cell applications. A condensed‐phase optimized molecular potentials for atomistic simulation studies force field‐based molecular dynamics simulation was used to explore the microscopic properties and transport of water and hydronium (H3O+) ions across the electrolyte at varied temperatures and RHs. COMSOL calculates oxygen and hydrogen concentrations after examining the polymer–ion interaction with the radial distribution function (RDF). The high H3O+ diffusion coefficient of the aniline‐treated membrane shows the benefit of the modification. The RDF confirmed the high interaction of the amine group with H3O+ and water. The high proton conductivity of 0.18 Scm−1 at 150°C with 33% RH for the aniline‐treated membrane was obtained, which was further investigated in COMSOL software to determine the hydrogen and oxygen concentration at the anode and cathode sides, respectively. Both electrodes' water transportation profiles were simulated numerically. The aniline‐treated membrane's good findings suggest high‐temperature proton exchange fuel cell membrane potential.

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“…The proton conductivity of PEMs was determined by the four-probe impedance technique using the electrochemical impedance analyzer (Biologic SP-200) [ 47 ]. Fully hydrated PEMs were sandwiched into Teflon blocks, which are equipped with Pt probes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Polyelectrolyte Membranes Based on Sulfonate Grafted Sodium Alginate for Drug Delivery, Toxic Metal Ion Removal and Fuel Cell Applications

et al. 2021

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Polyelectrolyte membranes (PEMs) are a novel type of material that is in high demand in health, energy and environmental sectors. If environmentally benign materials are created with biodegradable ones, PEMs can evolve into practical technology. In this work, we have fabricated environmentally safe and economic PEMs based on sulfonate grafted sodium alginate (SA) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). In the first step, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulphonic acid (AMPS) and sodium 4-vinylbenzene sulfonate (SVBS) are grafted on to SA by utilizing the simple free radical polymerization technique. Graft copolymers (SA-g-AMPS and SA-g-SVBS) were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR, XRD and DSC. In the second step, sulfonated SA was successfully blended with PVA to fabricate PEMs for the in vitro controlled release of 5-fluorouracil (anti-cancer drug) at pH 1.2 and 7.4 and to remove copper (II) ions from aqueous media. Moreover, phosphomolybdic acids (PMAs) incorporated with composite PEMs were developed to evaluate fuel cell characteristics, i.e., ion exchange capacity, oxidative stability, proton conductivity and methanol permeability. Fabricated PEMs are characterized by the FTIR, ATR-FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDAX. PMA was incorporated. PEMs demonstrated maximum encapsulation efficiency of 5FU, i.e., 78 ± 2.3%, and released the drug maximum in pH 7.4 buffer. The maximum Cu(II) removal was observed at 188.91 and 181.22 mg.g–1. PMA incorporated with PEMs exhibited significant proton conductivity (59.23 and 45.66 mS/cm) and low methanol permeability (2.19 and 2.04 × 10−6 cm2/s).

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Synthesis and characterization of Torlon-based polyion complex for direct methanol and polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Enhancement of Urea Electrooxidation on PbO₂-Ni/C and Bi₂O₃-Ni/C Nanocomposites in Alkaline Medium

Enhancement of Urea Electrooxidation on PbO₂-Ni/C and Bi₂O₃-Ni/C Nanocomposites in Alkaline Medium

Novel modified polyethersulfone high temperature and low humidity fuel cell membrane: Experimental and simulation study

Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Polyelectrolyte Membranes Based on Sulfonate Grafted Sodium Alginate for Drug Delivery, Toxic Metal Ion Removal and Fuel Cell Applications

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Synthesis and characterization of Torlon-based polyion complex for direct methanol and polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Enhancement of Urea Electrooxidation on PbO2-Ni/C and Bi2O3-Ni/C Nanocomposites in Alkaline Medium

Enhancement of Urea Electrooxidation on PbO2-Ni/C and Bi2O3-Ni/C Nanocomposites in Alkaline Medium

Novel modified polyethersulfone high temperature and low humidity fuel cell membrane: Experimental and simulation study

Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Polyelectrolyte Membranes Based on Sulfonate Grafted Sodium Alginate for Drug Delivery, Toxic Metal Ion Removal and Fuel Cell Applications

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Enhancement of Urea Electrooxidation on PbO₂-Ni/C and Bi₂O₃-Ni/C Nanocomposites in Alkaline Medium

Enhancement of Urea Electrooxidation on PbO₂-Ni/C and Bi₂O₃-Ni/C Nanocomposites in Alkaline Medium