Synthesis and characterization of timolol maleate-loaded quaternized chitosan-based thermosensitive hydrogel: A transparent topical ocular delivery system for the treatment of glaucoma
“…However, Microdacyn® showed a hemolytic effect between 25 and 50% for the different concentrations evaluated. This experiment allowed us to conclude that our nanocomposite hydrogels have high hemocompatibility [ 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 ]. Figure 11 Hemolytic effect ( A ) and platelet aggregating capacity ( B ) for the treatments with 0.7% (w/v) PVA, 20 μg/mL GO-Ag NPs.…”
“…However, Microdacyn® showed a hemolytic effect between 25 and 50% for the different concentrations evaluated. This experiment allowed us to conclude that our nanocomposite hydrogels have high hemocompatibility [ 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 ]. Figure 11 Hemolytic effect ( A ) and platelet aggregating capacity ( B ) for the treatments with 0.7% (w/v) PVA, 20 μg/mL GO-Ag NPs.…”
“…Pakzad et al synthesized a chitosan with Glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) to prepare N-(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium) propyl chitosan chloride (HTCC) [ 124 ]. HTCC increased mucoadhesive capacity, solubility in water, and antibacterial properties at physiological pH.…”
Aqueous gels formulated using hydrophilic polymers (hydrogels) and those based on stimuli-responsive polymers (in situ gelling or gel-forming systems) attract increasing interest in the treatment of several eye diseases. Their chemical structure enables them to incorporate various ophthalmic medications, achieving their optimal therapeutic doses and providing more clinically relevant time courses (weeks or months as opposed to hours and days), which will inevitably reduce dose frequency, thereby improving patient compliance and clinical outcomes. Due to its chronic course, the treatment of glaucoma may benefit from applying gel technologies as drug-delivering systems and as antifibrotic treatment during and after surgery. Therefore, our purpose is to review current applications of ophthalmic gelling systems with particular emphasis on glaucoma.
“…[10][11][12][13][14][15] Chitosan (CS) as the most abundant biocompatible, biodegradable, and mucoadhesive biopolymer can be utilized for the preparation of thermosensitive injectable hydrogels using β-glycerophosphate (β-GP) as an ionic crosslinking agent in physiological conditions. [16][17][18] The low mechanical strength of CS-based hydrogels has restricted their biomedical applications. The combination of CS with gelatin not only result in the improvement of mechanical properties of CS but also provides a suitable scaffold for cell survival in tissue engineering due to the similar structure to the collagen and mimicking the ECM.…”
Section: Exvivo Red Blood Cell Hemolysis Assaymentioning
Introduction: Hydrogels are unique candidates for a wide range of biomedical applications including drug delivery and tissue engineering. The present investigation was designed to consider the impact of chitosan-based hydrogels as a scaffold on the proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) besides neutralization of oxidative stress in hBM-MSCs. Methods: Chitosan (CS) and CS-gelatin hydrogels were fabricated through ionic crosslinking using β-glycerophosphate. The hBM-MSCs were cultured on the prepared matrices and their proliferation was evaluated using DAPI staining and MTT assay. Furthermore, the effect of hydrogels on oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the expression of NQO1, Nrf2, and HO-1 genes using real-time PCR. Results: The developed hydrogels indicated a porous structure with high water content. The toxicity studies showed that the prepared hydrogels have a high biocompatibility/cytocompatibility. The expression of intracellular antioxidant genes was studied to ensure that stress is not imposed by the scaffold on the nested cells. The results showed that Nrf2 as a super transcription factor of antioxidant genes and its downstream antioxidant gene, NQO1 were downregulated. Unexpectedly, the upregulation of HO-1 was detected in the current study. Conclusion: The prepared CS-based hydrogels with desired properties including porous structure, high swelling ability, and cytocompatibility did not show oxidative stress for the nesting of stem cells. Therefore, they could be attractive scaffolds to support stem cells for successful tissue engineering purposes.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
