Synthesis and Characterization of the First Doubly‐bridged N,N‐dimethylthiocarbamoyl Metal Complex: Crystal Structure of [Mo(Cl)(CO)2(PPh3)]2(η1:η2:μ‐SCNMe2)2
Abstract:] (1) in dichloromethane at room temperature. Complex 2 is a dimer with each thiocarbamoyl unit coordinating through sulfur and carbon to one metal center and bridging both metals through sulfur. Complex 2 is characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis.
“…The FT-IR spectra of the complexes were significantly different from those of 1 and 2 , indicating complex formation between 1 and 2 with the Pd(II) ions. After coordination of Pd(II) ions, the peak corresponding to CS in 1 shifted from 1540 to 1552 cm –1 , and a new peak appeared at 1583 cm –1 , which is assigned to CN that forms because of resonance stabilization. , For the 2 –Pd complex, the peak corresponding to CS in 2 shifted from 1533 to 1549 cm –1 , and a new peak appeared at 1584 cm –1 , which is also proposed to correspond to CN formation through resonance stabilization. , The C–N stretching peaks of extractants 1 and 2 shifted from 1106 and 1108 cm –1 , respectively, to 1118 and 1114 cm –1 , respectively, after coordination of Pd(II) ions. Thermal analyses (i.e., TGA and DTA) of 1 -Pd(II) were performed, and a characteristic TGA weight loss curve is shown in the Supporting Information (Figure S2).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…After coordination of Pd(II) ions, the peak corresponding to CS 33 in 1 shifted from 1540 to 1552 cm −1 , and a new peak appeared at 1583 cm −1 , which is assigned to CN that forms because of resonance stabilization. 11,34 For the 2−Pd complex, the peak corresponding to CS in 2 shifted from 1533 to 1549 cm −1 , and a new peak appeared at 1584 cm −1 , which is also proposed to correspond to CN formation through resonance stabilization. 11,34 The C−N stretching peaks of extractants 1 and 2 shifted from 1106 and 1108 cm −1 , respectively, to 1118 and 1114 cm −1 , respectively, after coordination of Pd(II) ions.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…11,34 For the 2−Pd complex, the peak corresponding to CS in 2 shifted from 1533 to 1549 cm −1 , and a new peak appeared at 1584 cm −1 , which is also proposed to correspond to CN formation through resonance stabilization. 11,34 The C−N stretching peaks of extractants 1 and 2 shifted from 1106 and 1108 cm −1 , respectively, to 1118 and 1114 cm −1 , respectively, after coordination of Pd(II) ions. Thermal analyses (i.e., TGA and DTA) of 1-Pd(II) were performed, and a characteristic TGA weight loss curve is shown in the Supporting Information (Figure S2).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Based on literature reports, compounds 3 and 4 extract Pd(II) ions through coordination to the bridging sulfur as well as two flanking phenolate oxygen atoms. In contrast, compounds 1 and 2 likely complex Pd(II) ions through the thiocarbamoyl groups. ,,, The proposed major Pd(II) ion–extraction mechanism of compound 1 and 2 is shown in the Supporting Information (Figure S6).…”
In this study, two
extractants, hexakis[(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)oxy]thiacalix[6]arene
(1) and tetrakis[(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)oxy]thiacalix[4]arene
(2), were synthesized by the reaction of dimethylthiocarbamoyl
chloride with p-tert-butylthiacalix[n]arenes (n = 6 and 4) and characterized
using 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies, elemental analysis,
and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS). These compounds
were extensively evaluated for the extraction of Pd(II) ions from
HCl media and solutions of platinum-group metals from automotive catalyst
residues, using various solvents. Compounds 1 and 2 were found to have higher Pd(II)-ion extraction abilities
(0.57 and 0.48 g/L, respectively) than the native p-tert-butylthiacalix[6]arene (3) and p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene (4) (0.46 and 0.20 g/L, respectively), using 1 mM extractant and 9.4
mM Pd(II)-ion solutions in HCl media. The extractant–Pd(II)
complexes were characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis,
XRD, Job’s continuous method, and TGA/DTA. Stripping of the
Pd(II) ions from the extractants was performed using 1 M thiourea,
thereby enabling the reuse of the extractants.
“…The FT-IR spectra of the complexes were significantly different from those of 1 and 2 , indicating complex formation between 1 and 2 with the Pd(II) ions. After coordination of Pd(II) ions, the peak corresponding to CS in 1 shifted from 1540 to 1552 cm –1 , and a new peak appeared at 1583 cm –1 , which is assigned to CN that forms because of resonance stabilization. , For the 2 –Pd complex, the peak corresponding to CS in 2 shifted from 1533 to 1549 cm –1 , and a new peak appeared at 1584 cm –1 , which is also proposed to correspond to CN formation through resonance stabilization. , The C–N stretching peaks of extractants 1 and 2 shifted from 1106 and 1108 cm –1 , respectively, to 1118 and 1114 cm –1 , respectively, after coordination of Pd(II) ions. Thermal analyses (i.e., TGA and DTA) of 1 -Pd(II) were performed, and a characteristic TGA weight loss curve is shown in the Supporting Information (Figure S2).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…After coordination of Pd(II) ions, the peak corresponding to CS 33 in 1 shifted from 1540 to 1552 cm −1 , and a new peak appeared at 1583 cm −1 , which is assigned to CN that forms because of resonance stabilization. 11,34 For the 2−Pd complex, the peak corresponding to CS in 2 shifted from 1533 to 1549 cm −1 , and a new peak appeared at 1584 cm −1 , which is also proposed to correspond to CN formation through resonance stabilization. 11,34 The C−N stretching peaks of extractants 1 and 2 shifted from 1106 and 1108 cm −1 , respectively, to 1118 and 1114 cm −1 , respectively, after coordination of Pd(II) ions.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…11,34 For the 2−Pd complex, the peak corresponding to CS in 2 shifted from 1533 to 1549 cm −1 , and a new peak appeared at 1584 cm −1 , which is also proposed to correspond to CN formation through resonance stabilization. 11,34 The C−N stretching peaks of extractants 1 and 2 shifted from 1106 and 1108 cm −1 , respectively, to 1118 and 1114 cm −1 , respectively, after coordination of Pd(II) ions. Thermal analyses (i.e., TGA and DTA) of 1-Pd(II) were performed, and a characteristic TGA weight loss curve is shown in the Supporting Information (Figure S2).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Based on literature reports, compounds 3 and 4 extract Pd(II) ions through coordination to the bridging sulfur as well as two flanking phenolate oxygen atoms. In contrast, compounds 1 and 2 likely complex Pd(II) ions through the thiocarbamoyl groups. ,,, The proposed major Pd(II) ion–extraction mechanism of compound 1 and 2 is shown in the Supporting Information (Figure S6).…”
In this study, two
extractants, hexakis[(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)oxy]thiacalix[6]arene
(1) and tetrakis[(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)oxy]thiacalix[4]arene
(2), were synthesized by the reaction of dimethylthiocarbamoyl
chloride with p-tert-butylthiacalix[n]arenes (n = 6 and 4) and characterized
using 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies, elemental analysis,
and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS). These compounds
were extensively evaluated for the extraction of Pd(II) ions from
HCl media and solutions of platinum-group metals from automotive catalyst
residues, using various solvents. Compounds 1 and 2 were found to have higher Pd(II)-ion extraction abilities
(0.57 and 0.48 g/L, respectively) than the native p-tert-butylthiacalix[6]arene (3) and p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene (4) (0.46 and 0.20 g/L, respectively), using 1 mM extractant and 9.4
mM Pd(II)-ion solutions in HCl media. The extractant–Pd(II)
complexes were characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis,
XRD, Job’s continuous method, and TGA/DTA. Stripping of the
Pd(II) ions from the extractants was performed using 1 M thiourea,
thereby enabling the reuse of the extractants.
“…FT-IR spectra of 1 and the 1 -Pd complex are shown in Figure . In the 1 -Pd complex, broad v (CS) peaks appeared between 1510 and 1485 cm –1 , − and a peak at 1598 cm –1 corresponds to a formation of v (CN), due to a partial double bond character in the C–S and SC–N bonds after Pd(II) extraction. , The 1 H NMR spectrum of 1 after Pd(II) extraction is shown in Figure S3. After the complexation of Pd(II) and extractant 1 , the methyl peaks of the −N(CH 3 ) 2 groups in extractant 1 shifted from 3.43 ppm (cf.…”
For extraction from a single Pd(II) solution, 1,1′bis[(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)oxy]-2,2′-thiobis [4-t-butylbenzene] (1) in a CHCl 3 diluent was found to exhibit a higher extractability for Pd(II) ions (E% = 99.9%) in Cl − media (0.1 M) over 30 min as well as a higher extraction efficiency compared to 2,2′-thiobis[4-tbutylphenol] (2) as a starting material of 1 and macrocyclic compounds such as tetrakis[(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)oxy]thiacalix-[4]arene (3) and p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene (4). Also, various parameters, such as the shaking time, diluents used, concentrations of Pd(II) and 1, effects of HCl, and effects of H + and Cl − ions, were studied. Extractant 1 could also be used for the selective extraction of Pd(II) ions (E% > 99%) from the leach liquors of automotive catalysts that also contained the ions of Rh, Pd, Pt, Zr, Ce, Ba, Al, La, and Y in Cl − media and was found to be a more efficient extractant than 2 for Pd(II) recovery. In addition, the Pd(II) ions could be stripped from 1 using 0.1 M thiourea in 1.0 M HCl, thus enabling the reuse of 1. Extractant 1 was actually found to exhibit a high E% for Pd (>96%) after five extraction cycles, indicating good stability in acidic media and potential usefulness for the rapid and selective recovery of Pd(II) from catalyst solutions in platinum group metal refineries.
Efficient adsorption of palladium ions from acid nuclear waste solution is crucial for ensuring the safety of vitrification process for radioactive waste. However, the limited stability and selectivity of most current adsorbents hinder their practical applications under strong acid and intense radiation conditions. Herein, to address these limitations, we designed and synthesized an aryl‐ether‐linked covalent organic framework (COF‐316‐DM) grafted dimethylthiocarbamoyl groups on the pore walls. This unique structure endows COF‐316‐DM with high stability and exceptional palladium capture capacity. The robust polyarylether linkage enables COF‐316‐DM to withstand irradiation doses of 200 or 400 kGy of β/γ ray. Furthermore, COF‐316‐DM demonstrates fast adsorption kinetics, high adsorption capacity (147 mg g‐1), and excellent reusability in 4 M nitric acid. Moreover, COF‐316‐DM exhibits remarkable selectivity for palladium ions in the presence of 17 interference ions, simulating high level liquid waste scenario. The superior adsorption performance can be attributed to the strong binding affinity between the thioamide groups and Pd2+ ions, as confirmed by the comprehensive analysis of FT‐IR and XPS spectra. Our findings highlight the potential of COFs with robust linkers and tailored functional groups for efficient and selective capture of metal ions, even in harsh environmental conditions.
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