Synthesis and characterization of Th1−xLnxO2−x/2 mixed-oxides

Lattice contraction and lattice deformation of UO 2 and ThO 2 doped with Gd 2 O 3

“…0.40 levels off, but since their observations are expressed as lattice contraction in function of the as-fabricated composition and not in function of the composition of the solid solution formed after sintering, it might be that incomplete homogenization occurred. The lattice contraction reported by Horlait et al [11] is not consistent with any of the other observations.…”

“…This work À12.5 ± 0.2 0.9986 Mathews et al [10] À9.9 ± 0.7 0.9800 Muta et al [12] À12.0 1 Horlait et al [11] À4.9 ± 0.5 0.9939 …”

Synthesis of UO2 and ThO2 doped with Gd2O3

“…The REEs are present in the form of oxides dissolved in the fuel [12]. Therefore, the study of thoria-rare-earth oxide (ThO 2 -REO) systems and the effect of incorporation of REEs on the material properties have been and still are of interest to the scientific community [13][14][15]. Also from a more fundamental point of view, the Th 1Àx RE x O 2Àx/2 systems are intriguing because a large amount of defects in the form of oxygen vacancies are formed to compensate for the substitution of Th 4+ cations by RE 3+ cations, especially at high REE concentrations [16].…”

“…In the specific case of Gd 2 O 3 -doped UO 2 production, powder metallurgical routes were described by Grossman et al [32], Yuda and Une [33], and Riella et al [34], coprecipitation processes by Manzel and Dörr [35], Fukushima et al [36], Miyake et al [37], Riella et al [34], Leyva et al [38], and Durazzo et al [39], and sol gel routes by Gündüz et al [40,41]. For the synthesis of Gd 2 O 3 -doped ThO 2 , powder metallurgical routes were described by Mathews et al [42] and Muta et al [15], and co-precipitation processes by Horlait et al [13].…”

Warm white light emitting ThO2:Sm3+ nanorods: Cationic surfactant assisted reverse micellar synthesis and Photoluminescence properties

“…The incorporation of trivalent elements was investigated in similar fluorite-type oxide like Hafnia, ceria, zirconia with the help of various experimental techniques like Micro Raman spectroscopy, EXAFS, lifetime Positron spectroscopy etc. All these techniques suggested the existence of a mechanism involving the concomitant creation of oxygen vacancies (V O ) to counterbalance the lack of positive charges due to the incorporation of the trivalent lanthanide [5].…”