Synthesis and characterization of tall oil fatty acids-based alkyd resins and alkyd–acrylate copolymers

Uschanov, Pirita; Heiskanen, Nina; Mononen, Pekka; Maunu, Sirkka Liisa; Koskimies, Salme

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2008.04.011

Cited by 54 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The polymerization rate decreases when the macromer content is increased. This is similar to the observation on some other alkyd-acrylics reported by Wang and coworkers 18) , and Uschanov and coworkers 21) . The conversion is affected by the temperature and the reaction time.…”

Section: Copolymer Films As Coatingssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Copolymerization of an Unsaturated Oleic Acid Polyester Macromer and Methyl Methacrylate

Ataei

Yahya

Gan

2011

Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material

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Depletion of petroleum resources and the rising cost of petroleum products have led to the increasing efforts to develop natural raw materials for industrial uses 1,2) . Vegetable oils have been important sources for the synthesis of green polyesters. There have been many studies on a wide variety of polymeric materials based on plant seeds and oils [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . Acrylic monomers were first incorporated to improve the properties of the alkyd resins, predominantly for coating applications 15) . These polymers are synthesized by varying the type of acrylic or alkyd components and their ratio. The idea of a hybrid polymer is very attractive with the aims of combining the good properties of these two binders. Alkyd based coatings usually provide high gloss, good color retention, good heat and solvent resistance, low cost and an auto-oxidative crosslinking ability; however, their major weakness is the poor water, acid, and alkali resistance. On the other hand, acrylic resins are well-known to provide good water, acid, and alkali resistance and offer fast physical drying 15,16) . Combining these two chemistries may provide a combination of the positive characteristics in the new products [17][18][19][20][21] .The aim of this work was to use the palm oil derivatives as raw materials to produce an unsaturated macromer, which was then used for copolymerization with MMA. Evidence on formation of copolymer was provided by H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Molecular weight and thermal analysis measurements were performed. To check the performance of these copolymers as coatings, drying times, pencil hardness, adhesion properties and chemical and water resistant behaviours were determined using standard test methods.Oleic acid (Purity 99.5%) and glycerol (purity > 99.5%) were obtained from Emery Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia. Phthalic anhydride, PA, was from P.T. Petrowidada Indonesia. MMA monomer, benzoyl peroxide, toluene, ethanol, methanol, potassium hydroxide, and potassium hydrogen phthalate were reagent grade chemicals from Merck. Benzoyl peroxide, which was supplied with 25% moisture, was recrystallized from ethanol, followed by drying in a vacuum oven at 30˚C and kept in the fridge before use.Pre-weighed PA, oleic acid and glycerol were formulated according to the procedure of Patton 22) . The reactants were charged into a 2-L four-neck round bottomed glass reactor equipped with a condenser, thermometer, mechanical stirrer, and a Dean-Stark decanter for separating the water evolved from the reaction. The mixture was heated and stirred to 160-180˚C for 1 h. The temperature was subsequently raised and maintained at 220-240˚C. The reaction was completed after the collected water of reaction was as predicted in the formulation. The alkyd macromer (AlkOA) was a viscous liquid at room temperature. Its properties are summarized in .Copolymerization was carried out in a glass reactor equipped with a condenser, mechanical stirrer, thermometer and dropping funnel. Initially the reactor was charged ...

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Section: Copolymer Films As Coatingssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…On the other hand, acrylic resins are well-known to provide good water, acid, and alkali resistance and offer fast physical drying 15,16) . Combining these two chemistries may provide a combination of the positive characteristics in the new products [17][18][19][20][21] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Copolymerization of an Unsaturated Oleic Acid Polyester Macromer and Methyl Methacrylate

Ataei

Yahya

Gan

2011

Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material

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“…The appearance of CH 2 , -CH-confirms the presence of methyl group at 1460.11 and 2854.65 cm -1 . According to the literature [11][12][13], the adsorption band at 2924.09 cm -1 is the characteristics of alkenes carbon (=C-H). The adsorption band at 3396.64 and 1068 cm -1 shows the presence of hydroxyl group (-OH) an indication of increased stretching power of the resin.The presence of C=O in the resin (characteristic of ester) at 1730.15 cm -1 is attributed to the stretching power in fatty acid, which indicates the possibility of polyesterification reaction during the transformation of the carboxylic acid in ester [9].…”

Section: Ft-ir Adsorption Of Pentaerythritol Phthalic Anhydride Resinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Pentaerythritol Phthalic Anhydride Resin from Soybean Oil

Ali¹,

Abbas²,

Shafeeq³

et al. 2018

Asian J. Chem.

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Alkyd resins, a type of polyesters obtained through esterification of a polybasic acid and polyhydric alcohol (e.g., pthalic anhydride and pentaerythritol). This study aimed to synthesize and characterize pentaerythritol phthalic anhydride resin by using soybean oil, pentaerythritol, phthalic anhydride and litharge (PbO) catalyst through alcoholysis method. FTIR and DS/TGA were used to characterize the freshly obtained pentaerythritol phthalic anhydride resin. Based on results, acid value 7.9 mgKOH/g is beneficial for the quality synthesis of pentaerythritol phthalic anhydride resin having high thermal stability even upto Tmax = 670 ºC.

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“…Non-conjugated tall oil fatty acids-based alkyd resins were synthesized and further copolymerized via miniemulsion polymerization with acrylates (butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate) to prepare stable hybrids. An increase in alkyd resin content resulted in a decrease in the polymerization rate, and the steric hindrance of MMA affected the degree of grafting and monomer conversion compared to butyl acrylate [193]. Two kinds of hybrid acrylic-polyurethane (PUA) latexes were compared according to their synthesis and properties.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Alkyd Acrylic/urethane Hybrid Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waterborne Coatings Based on Renewable Oil Resources: an Overview

Athawale

Nimbalkar

2010

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

108

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Polyurethane dispersions are gaining in importance due to their environmentally friendly coating system, versatile coating properties and ease of application. An enormous amount of research is focused on waterborne coatings such as waterborne alkyds, water-reducible alkyds, alkyd-acrylic hybrids, oil modified polyurethane dispersions and their composite latexes. This review gives a comprehensive compilation of recent studies on the synthesis and applications of waterborne coatings. The article specifically covers all of the research work carried out in the field of waterborne alkyd-acrylics, polyurethane dispersions and their hybrid latexes systematically.

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Synthesis and characterization of tall oil fatty acids-based alkyd resins and alkyd–acrylate copolymers

Cited by 54 publications

References 13 publications

Copolymerization of an Unsaturated Oleic Acid Polyester Macromer and Methyl Methacrylate

Copolymerization of an Unsaturated Oleic Acid Polyester Macromer and Methyl Methacrylate

Synthesis and Characterization of Pentaerythritol Phthalic Anhydride Resin from Soybean Oil

Waterborne Coatings Based on Renewable Oil Resources: an Overview

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