Synthesis and characterization of solid polymer and carbon spheres derived from an emulsion polymerization reaction of different phenolic compounds with formaldehyde

Moreno‐Castilla, Carlos; García-Rosero, Helena; Carrasco-Marín, Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.02.021

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In addition, these materials can be designed according to a specific application and can be made in numerous forms, from one-dimensional to n -dimensional, using unidirectional tows, tapes, or woven cloth . The synthesis of the magnetic iron core–carbon shell nanoparticles followed in this study is a modified procedure documented in the literature. , In this work, the magnetic iron core–carbon shell nanoparticles were obtained following hydrothermal conditions by only one step. The Fe core was formed via the reduction of Fe 3+ through the carbonization process, and the carbon shell was obtained by the carbonization of a polymer formed from the reaction between pyrocatechol and formaldehyde.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Magnetic Iron Core–Carbon Shell Nanoparticles in Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery for Ultralow Interfacial Tension Region

et al. 2019

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Some of the advantages of the simultaneous use of surfactants and nanoparticles in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes are the increase in the efficiency of injection fluid for sweeping, the reduction of adsorption of the surfactant onto the reservoir rock, the alteration of wettability, and the reduction of water/crude oil interfacial tension (IFT). However, a large amount of nanoparticles required in chemical EOR processes might limit their application. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate magnetic iron core–carbon shell nanoparticles that can be recovered and to study their impact on the reduction of surfactant adsorption on the porous media and oil recovery at reservoir conditions. The additional benefit of the proposed method is that these nanoparticles can be recovered and reused after the application because of their magnetic properties. The magnetic iron core–carbon shell nanoparticles were obtained following a new one-pot hydrothermal procedure and were carbonized at 900 °C using a teflon-lined autoclave. The core–shell nanoparticles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, N2 physisorption at −196 °C, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and magnetometry measurements. The magnetic iron core–carbon shell nanoparticles with an average particle size of 60 nm were obtained. The XPS spectrum corroborated that magnetic Fe(0) of the core was adequately coated with a carbon shell. The IFT was measured using a spinning drop tensiometer for a medium viscosity crude oil and a surfactant mixture. The minimum IFT reached was approximately 1 × 10–4 mN m–1 at a nanoparticle concentration of 100 mg L–1. At this concentration, the dynamic adsorption tests demonstrated that the nanoparticles reduce 33% the adsorption of the surfactant mixture in the porous media. The simultaneous effect of core–shell nanoparticles and the surfactant mixture was evaluated in a displacement test at reservoir conditions obtaining a final oil recovery of 98%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Magnetic Iron Core–Carbon Shell Nanoparticles in Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery for Ultralow Interfacial Tension Region

et al. 2019

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“…Carbon materials have a high specific surface area, high electronic conductivity, and an excellent stability. Therefore, activated carbons, carbon fibers, carbon aerogels, and carbon spheres have been commonly used as supercapacitor electrodes. However, these carbon‐based electrochemical double‐layer capacitors have a low capacitance, especially at high charge/discharge rates and low energy density and limited ionic accessibility .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Vanadium‐Coated Carbon Microspheres: Electrochemical Behavior as Electrodes for Supercapacitors

Elmouwahidi

Bailón‐García

Pérez-Cadenas

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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Vanadium-coated carbon-xerogel microspheres are successfully prepared by a specific designed sol-gel method, and their supercapacitor behavior is tested in a two-electrode system. Nitrogen adsorption shows that these composite materials present a well-developed micro-and mesoporous texture, which depends on the vanadium content in the final composite. A high dispersion of vanadium oxide on the carbon microsphere surface is reached, being the vanadium particle size around 4.5 nm. Moreover, low vanadium oxidation states are stabilized by the carbon matrix in the composites. The complete electrochemical characterization of the composites is carried out using cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, cycling charge-discharge, and impedance spectroscopy. The results show that these composites present high capacitance as 224 F g −1 , with a high capacitance retention which is explained on the basis of the presence of vanadium oxide, texture, and chemistry surface.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201802337. area carbon-based materials reflect a non-Faradaic behavior (also known as electrochemical double-layer capacitors) whereas conductive polymers and metal oxides/ hydroxides/sulfides have been desired as Faradaic process or pseudocapacitors associated with multiple oxidation states/structures that enable rich redox reactions for a pseudocapacitance generation.Carbon materials have a high specific surface area, [1] high electronic conductivity, and an excellent stability. Therefore, activated carbons, [3,4] carbon fibers, [5][6][7] carbon aerogels, [8,9] and carbon spheres [10,11] have been commonly used as supercapacitor electrodes. However, these carbon-based electrochemical double-layer capacitors have a low capacitance, especially at high charge/discharge rates and low energy density and limited ionic accessibility. [2] Metal oxides and hydroxides overcome these limitations of carbon and usually exhibit a high specific capacitance, high power and energy densities. [3] Many metal oxides such as RuO 2 , [12,13] ZnO, [14] MnO 2 , [15,16] NiO, [17,18] Fe 2 O 3 , [19] and vanadium oxides, [20] especially V 2 O 5 , VO 2 , and their hydroxides have been used for supercapacitors with good results, however, a decrease of their capacitances is observed by increasing the scan rate due to their lower conductivity. [21] Among the various metal oxides, vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) is considered to be one of the most promising candidates due to its wide potential window, unique layered structure, and a variety of oxidation states (V 2+ , V 3+ , V 4+ , and V 5+ ) which can provide an excellent pseudocapacitance. However, the poor electrical conductivity, low specific capacitance, poor cycling stability, and low energy of the vanadium-based devices limit its real application. To overcome these limitations, the research is focused in three directions: i) preparing micro-/nanostructure materials, ii) the development of vanadium-based composite materia...

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“…The specific capacitance values of N-HCSs and N-CSs-3 were determined from the discharge curves. As shown in Figure a, N-HCSs exhibit an excellent specific capacitance of 266 F g –1 at a current density of 0.2 A g –1 , which is comparable or better than most of the N-doped carbon materials found in the literature (Figure b). − Although the specific capacitance values of N-HCSs have a slight decrease with the increased current density, they still reached 237, 205, 186, and 174 F g –1 under conditions of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 A g –1 , respectively. Even when the current density was increased to 10 A g –1 , the capacitance remained 163 F g –1 , corresponding to 61.3% of capacitance measured at 0.2 A g –1 .…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…(a) Specific capacitance of N-HCSs and N-CSs-3 at different current densities (0.2–10 A g –1 ). (b) Comparison of the specific capacitance value of the N-HCSs with those of nitrogen-doped carbons reported in refs − at discharge current (1 A g –1 ) in H 2 SO 4 . (c) Nyquist impedance plots of N-HCSs and N-CSs-3, and the inset is the enlarged plot around the high frequency region.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass-Based Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Derived Directly from Glucose and Glucosamine: Structural Evolution and Supercapacitor Properties

Zhang

Zhan

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Carbon-based materials generated from biomass have been studied extensively. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report of any hollow structured carbon nanospheres directly derived from biomass without the use of templates. In this research, a green route to directly convert biomass to nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanospheres (N-HCSs) was reported, where only glucose and glucosamine were used as the precursors and an aerosol-assisted process was employed. In the process, amino groups of glucosamine triggered the coassembly between glucose and glucosamine, resulting in the structural evolution of hollow structures. The aerosol-based technology ensures the obtained particles have a spherical morphology and are in the nanoscale size range. The as-prepared materials have been thoroughly characterized by SEM, TEM, HAADF-STEM, EELS mapping, XPS, XRD, Raman, and nitrogen adsorption. Owing to the unique structural and surface properties, the resultant N-HCSs exhibited excellent electrochemical properties for energy storage, including a high specific capacitance of 266 F g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 , long cycling stability with 96.8% of capacitance retained after 3000 cycles, and a fast charge−discharge process. This discovery could be adapted to guide the design and synthesis of a variety of hollow materials from biomass for wider applications in the environment and energy fields.

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Synthesis and characterization of solid polymer and carbon spheres derived from an emulsion polymerization reaction of different phenolic compounds with formaldehyde

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of Magnetic Iron Core–Carbon Shell Nanoparticles in Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery for Ultralow Interfacial Tension Region

Effect of Magnetic Iron Core–Carbon Shell Nanoparticles in Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery for Ultralow Interfacial Tension Region

Development of Vanadium‐Coated Carbon Microspheres: Electrochemical Behavior as Electrodes for Supercapacitors

Biomass-Based Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Derived Directly from Glucose and Glucosamine: Structural Evolution and Supercapacitor Properties

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