Synthesis and characterization of sodium alginate/acrylamide semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks

Abstract

Sodium alginate (NaAlg)/acrylamide (AAm) semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were prepared with three different compositions, in which the NaAlg concentration was 1, 2, or 3% (w/v) in 50% (w/v) AAm solutions. These solutions were irradiated with a 60 Co ␥ source at different doses. The conversion percentage was determined as follows. The NaAlg/AAm IPN hydrogels were immersed to swell in a solution of the desired pH (3-9) at 25°C. The swelling results at pHs 7.0 and 9.0 indicated that the NaAlg/AAm IPN hydrogel containing 3% NaAlg showed the maximum swell-ing percentage in water. The diffusion of water within the NaAlg/AAm IPN hydrogels was non-Fickian in character. The diffusion coefficients of the NaAlg/AAm IPN hydrogels in water were calculated. The thermal properties of NaAlg, polyacrylamide, and NaAlg/AAm IPNs were determined.

pH and temperature responsive hydrogels of poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid-co-methacrylic acid): Synthesis and swelling characteristics

“…The pH sensitive swelling nature of these hydrogels can therefore be controlled by varying the AMPS/MAA composition, potentially leading to pH dependent applications. These results are in agreement with reported studies using poly(nitrophenyl methacrylate-comethacrylic acid) (39), poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylonitrile) (40), poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid)/hyaluronic Acid (41), poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone-co-methacrylic acid) (42), and crosslinked acrylonitrile/ acrylamidoxime/2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AN/AAx/ AMPS) based hydrogel systems (43).…”

Stiff IPN Hydrogels of Poly(Acrylamide) and Alginate: Influence of the Crosslinking Ion’s Valence on Hydrogel’s Final Properties

“…However, due to the perfect solubility in the water and high dissociation rate of calcium chloride, the crosslinking rate of alginate chains by Ca 2+ ions considerably increases. As a result at high concentration of CaCl 2 solution (e.g., 811 g/L), the formation of uniform and transparent material in such conditions seems to be impossible [17]. Instantaneous gelation leads to quasi-spontaneous crosslinking of the alginate chains slowing their diffusion in the volume, inducing high and low crosslinked zones.…”

“…Such behavior is due to crosslinking of three alginate chains at the same reticulation point. Improvement of the elastic modulus of hydrogels is possible by increase the alginate molecular weight and/or its composition (G-blocks proportion in the structure) [17]. Viscosity of the alginate solution could significantly increase with high molecular weight alginate (Cargill Algogel 6021; M w =2 × 10 5 g/mol) resulting in difficulties to blend it with the other components and consequently to form a homogeneous material.…”

Interpenetrating polymer network of blocked polyurethane and phenolic resin. II. Kinetic formation, swelling ratio, thermal properties, and flame retardance

“…Once the chemical system is chosen, the factors that govern the polymerization are directly responsible for the resulting morphology and properties of the materials. The other especially important and fundamental properties of polymer network are their swelling ratio [22, 23], thermal properties [24, 25], and flame behavior [8]. The swelling ratio shows the degree of hard or soft segment components in the IPNs.…”