Synthesis and characterization of PS-clay nanocomposite by emulsion polymerization

Noh, Myoung Whan; Lee, Dong Choo

doi:10.1007/s002890050510

Cited by 307 publications

(128 citation statements)

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“…Exfoliated hybrids retain little or no registry between the silicate layers, which are separated by as much as 5-15 nm. 6 PCN have been prepared by four techniques: exfoliation adsorption, 7 in situ intercalative polymerization, 8 melt intercalation, 9,10 and template synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene nanocomposite materials by in situ polymerization into montmorillonite–vinyl monomer interlayers

Akelah

Rehab

Agag

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A different series of new polystyrene-clay nanocomposites have been prepared by grafting polymerization of styrene with vinyl-montmorillonite (MMT) clay. The synthesis was achieved through two steps. The first step is the modification of clay with the vinyl monomers, such as N,N-dimethyl-n-octadecyl-4-vinylbenzyl-ammonium chloride, n-octadecyl-4-vinylbenzyl-ammonium chloride, triphenyl-4-vinylbenzyl-phosphonium chloride, and tri-n-butyl-4-vinylbenzyl-phosphonium chloride. The second step is the polymerization of styrene with different ratios of vinyl-MMT clay. The materials produced were characterized by different physical and chemical methods:(1) IR spectra, confirming the intercalation of the vinyl-cation within the clay interlayers; (2) thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), showing higher thermal stability for PS-nanocomposites than polystyrene (PS) and higher thermal stability of nanocomposites with of phosphonium moieties than nanocomposites with ammonium moieties; (3) swelling measurements in different organic solvents, showing that the swelling degree in hydrophobic solvents increases as the clay ratio decreases; (4) X-ray diffraction (XRD), illustrating that the nanocomposites were exfoliated at up to a 25 wt % of organoclay content; and (5) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), showing a complete dispersion of PS into clay galleries. Also, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed nanosize spherical particles of $ 150-400 nm appearing in the images.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene nanocomposite materials by in situ polymerization into montmorillonite–vinyl monomer interlayers

Akelah

Rehab

Agag

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…[1][2][3] With a small amount of clay, the nanocomposites exhibit excellent mechanical properties, high heat distortion temperature and thermal stability, low gas/vapor permeability, reduced flammability, etc. 4,5 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is an extensively used thermoplastic material because of its valuable properties, such as superior mechanical and physical properties, high chemical and abrasion resistance, and widely utilized in durable applications, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Retardant and Smoke Suppressant of Fe‐Organophilic Montmorillonite in Polyvinyl Chloride Nanocomposites

Kong¹,

Zhang²,

Ma³

et al. 2008

Chin. J. Chem.

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Two kinds of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/organophilic montmorillonite (OMT) nanocomposites are prepared by a melt intercalation method. This study has been designed to determine if the presence of iron and zinc ions in the structure of montmorillonite (MMT) lattice can affect thermal, flame retardant and smoke suppressant properties. The information about the morphological structure of PVC/OMT nanocomposites was obtained using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The thermal and flame retardant properties of the nanocomposites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index and smoke density. The nanocomposites based on Fe-OMT exhibit better thermal, flame retardant properties and lower degradation degree than those of pure PVC. The degradation mechanism was studied by pyrolysis, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS).

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“…The highest value of storage modulus for AESOPS2M-C behavior can be attributed to the extraordinarily large aspect ratio of exfoliated silicate layers with good dispersion of organoclay particles in the polymer matrix (Figures 6 and 7). This increases the polymer-clay interactions, making the entire surface area available for the polymer which prevents the segmental motions of the polymer chains near organic-inorganic interfaces 39,40 and leading to dramatic changes in mechanical properties.…”

Section: Thermal and Mechanical Properties Of Aesopsm-c Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐based polymer nanocomposites based on layered silicates having a reactive and renewable intercalant

Albayrak

Şen

Çaylı

et al. 2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Soybean oil-based polymer nanocomposites were synthesized from acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) combined with styrene monomer and montmorillonite (MMT) clay by using in situ free radical polymerization reaction. Special attention was paid to the modification of MMT clay, which was carried out by methacryl-functionalized and quaternized derivative of methyl oleate intercalant. It was synthesized from olive oil triglyceride, as a renewable intercalant. The resultant nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of increased nanofiller loading in thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The nanocomposites exhibited improved thermal and dynamic mechanical properties compared with neat acrylated epoxidized soybean oil based polymer matrix. The desired exfoliated nanocomposite structure was achieved when the OrgMMT loading was 1 and 2 wt % whereas partially exfoliated nanocomposite was obtained in 3 wt % loading. It was found that about 400 and 500% increments in storage modulus at glass transition and rubbery regions, respectively were achieved at 2 wt % clay loading compared to neat polymer matrix while the lowest thermal degradation rate was gained by introducing 3 wt % clay loading. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

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Synthesis and characterization of PS-clay nanocomposite by emulsion polymerization

Cited by 307 publications

References 0 publications

Polystyrene nanocomposite materials by in situ polymerization into montmorillonite–vinyl monomer interlayers

Polystyrene nanocomposite materials by in situ polymerization into montmorillonite–vinyl monomer interlayers

Flame Retardant and Smoke Suppressant of Fe‐Organophilic Montmorillonite in Polyvinyl Chloride Nanocomposites

Bio‐based polymer nanocomposites based on layered silicates having a reactive and renewable intercalant

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