Synthesis and characterization of poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate)/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites via in situ polymerization

Matusinović, Zvonimir; Rogošić, Marko; Šipušić, Juraj

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.10.001

Cited by 57 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…3 [31]. In GO, the presence of different types of oxygen functionalities are confirmed as evidenced from the bands at 3,429, 1,723, 1,630, 1,618 and 1,073 cm −1 corresponding to the O-H groups, C = O carbonyl/carboxyl groups, C = C aromatic groups and C-O in the epoxide group, respectively [31,32]. As a result GO interacts with metal ions and the additional peak at 582 cm −1 in MG and PMG composites implies the formation of Fe-O bond.…”

Section: Characterization Of Polymer Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Electrical Properties of Graphene Polymer Nanocomposites

Khanam

Ponnamma

AL-Madeed

2015

Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites in Electronics

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Graphene, a monolayer of sp 2 hybridized carbon atoms arranged in a two dimensional lattice has attracted electronic industrial interest due to its exceptional electrical properties. One of the most promising applications of this material is in polymer nanocomposites in which the interface of graphene based materials and polymer chains merge to develop the most technologically promising devices. This chapter presents the electrical properties of such graphene based polymer nanocomposites and also discusses the effect of various factors on their electrical conductivity. Graphene enables the insulator to conductor transition at significantly lower loading by providing percolated pathways for electron transfer and making the polymers composite electrically conductive. The effect of processing conditions, dispersion, aggregation, modification and aspect ratio of graphene on the electrical conductivity of the graphene/polymer nanocomposites is conferred.

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Section: Characterization Of Polymer Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Electrical Properties of Graphene Polymer Nanocomposites

Khanam

Ponnamma

AL-Madeed

2015

Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites in Electronics

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“…Figure 3 c (red curve) shows the thermogram (weight loss as a function of temperature) of pure SMMA fi lm, revealing a fi rst ≈10% weight loss peaked at ≈150 °C which is attributed to water loss [ 87 ] and a second weight drop of ≈90% at ≈380 °C which is consistent with the thermal decomposition of the polymer. [ 63,87 ] The thermogram of LPE graphene (Figure 3 c, blue curve) is almost featureless between 25 and 780 °C while followed by a gradual weight loss of about 5% (in the range 780-900 °C), typical of graphene fl akes. [ 88 ] graphene-SMMA composite contains both the TGA features of the pure SMMA and those of LPE graphene showing weight losses of ≈10% and ≈89.9% at ≈150 °C and ≈380 °C, respectively.…”

Section: Graphene-smma Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Styrene methyl methacrylate (SMMA), a copolymer (i.e., based on monomers consisting of two polymer chains) of styrene (C 6 H 5 CH=CH 2 ) and methyl-methacrylate (CH 2 C(CH 3 )COOCH 3 ) [ 59 ] exhibits broadband optical transparency (from 200 to 3000 nm), high glass transition temperature ( T g ≥ 120 °C, [ 60 ] ) and lower moisture absorption (≤0.1% by weight) with respect to PVA, PVAc, PET, and PCL, [ 61 ] making it ideal for high humidity (up to 100%) and high temperature (up to 105 °C) environments. [ 60,[62][63][64][65] Moreover, the presence of styrene groups provides improved mechanical fl exibility [ 62 ] and thermal stability [ 66,67 ] compared to widely used polymers such as PMMA, epoxy resins, [ 35,[68][69][70][71][72] and fl uorinated polyimides. [ 35,[69][70][71][72] The operating conditions that a SA based on a graphenepolymer composite can withstand primarily depend on the properties of the host polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable, Surfactant‐Free Graphene–Styrene Methylmethacrylate Composite for Ultrafast Lasers

Torrisi

Popa

Milana

et al. 2016

Advanced Optical Materials

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the global range of applications of ultrafast lasers (e.g., manufacturing, biomedical research, telecommunications, spectroscopy, etc.) requires SAs to show thermal and environmental stability (i.e., moisture absorption ≤1% by weight in high, ≥80%, humidity environment and glass transition temperature ≥120 °C, for polymers). [ 11 ] Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), [ 2,12,13 ] graphene [13][14][15] and recently, other 2D materials such as semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (MoS 2 , [ 16,17 ] WS 2 , [ 18 ] MoSe 2 [ 19 ] ) and black phosphorus [ 20,21 ] have emerged as promising SAs for ultrafast lasers. [ 2,[22][23][24] In CNTs, broadband operation is achieved by using a distribution of tube diameters, [ 2,22 ] while this is an intrinsic property of graphene. [ 25 ] This, along with the ultrafast recovery time, [ 26 ] low saturation fl uence, [ 15,27 ] and ease of fabrication [ 28 ] and integration, [ 29 ] makes graphene an excellent broadband SA. [ 25 ] Consequently, modelocked lasers using graphene SAs (GSAs) have been demonstrated from ≈800 nm [ 30 ] to ≈970 nm, [ 31 ] ≈1 µm, [ 32 ] ≈1.5 µm, [ 27 ] and ≈2 µm [ 33 ] up to ≈2.4 µm. [ 34 ] Polymeric materials are the ideal solution to integrate GSAs into fi ber lasers. [ 1,35 ] They are easily processed by methods such as embossing, stamping, sawing, and wet or dry etching, and generally have a low-cost room-temperature fabrication process. [ 13,36 ] Liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of graphite crystals in a surfactant-stabilized aqueous solution [37][38][39] and organic solvents [ 38,40,41 ] can be used to produce graphene. The LPE yield can be defi ned in different ways. [ 29 ] The yield by weight, Y M [%], is defi ned as the ratio between the weight of dispersed graphitic material and that of the starting graphite fl akes. References [ 38,41,42 ] reported surfactant-free dispersions of graphene in organic solvents, e.g., N -methylpyrrolidone (NMP), N -dimethylformamide (DMF), and ortho -dichlorobenzene ( o -DCB). Graphene from LPE is ideal to produce polymer composites as it can be mixed/blended in liquid or dry form with a host polymer matrix. [ 13,38 ] Polymers for composites used in fi ber lasers for ultrashort pulse generation have to be transparent at the device-operation wavelength, be mechanically fl exible, thermally, and chemically stable as well as being resistant to moisture (e.g., hydrophobic) [ 13,35 ] as moisture-induced hygroscopic swelling in polymers can cause internal stress in the polymeric matrix. [ 43 ] Various polymers, such as polyvinylacetate (PVAc), [ 44 ] polyvinylalcohol (PVA), [ 13 ] polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA), [ 45 ] polyaniline (PANi), [ 46 ] polycaprolactone (PCL), [ 47 ] polyurethane (PU), [ 48 ] polystyrene (PS), [ 49 ] polylactide (PLA), [ 50 ] polyethylene Graphene-polymer composites play an increasing role in photonic and optoelectronic applications, from ultrafast pulse generation to solar cells. The fabrication of an optical quality surfactant-free graphene-styrene methyl methacrylate composite, stable to large humidit...

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“…Due to their high aspect ratio, their layered feature extended to the nanoscale and their hydroxylated surface, LDH are also particularly interesting for fabricating polymer nanocomposites [20–23]. To favor the dispersion of LDH platelets into polymers, hybrid surfactant (usually dodecyl sulphate)-intercalated LDH were prepared and incorporated into polymer matrices such as polyethylene [24], polypropylene [25], poly(methyl methacrylate) [26], elastomers [27], epoxy polymers [28], poly(ε-caprolactone) [29], polyesters [30], polyurethane [31] and polyimide [21]. Alternatively, Leroux et al described the preparation of a hybrid LDH phase intercalated by an anionic polymerizable surfactant acting further as an anchor that compatibilizes the inorganic LDH with the polymer matrix during the polymerization [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercalation and structural aspects of macroRAFT agents into MgAl layered double hydroxides

Kostadinova

Pereira

Lansalot

et al. 2016

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Increasing attention has been devoted to the design of layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based hybrid materials. In this work, we demonstrate the intercalation by anion exchange process of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and three different hydrophilic random copolymers of acrylic acid (AA) and n-butyl acrylate (BA) with molar masses ranging from 2000 to 4200 g mol−1 synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, into LDH containing magnesium(II) and aluminium(III) intralayer cations and nitrates as counterions (MgAl-NO3 LDH). At basic pH, the copolymer chains (macroRAFT agents) carry negative charges which allowed the establishment of electrostatic interactions with the LDH interlayer and their intercalation. The resulting hybrid macroRAFT/LDH materials displayed an expanded interlamellar domain compared to pristine MgAl-NO3 LDH from 1.36 nm to 2.33 nm. Depending on the nature of the units involved into the macroRAFT copolymer (only AA or AA and BA), the intercalation led to monolayer or bilayer arrangements within the interlayer space. The macroRAFT intercalation and the molecular structure of the hybrid phases were further characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and solid-state 13C, 1H and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies to get a better description of the local structure.

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Synthesis and characterization of poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate)/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites via in situ polymerization

Cited by 57 publications

References 54 publications

Electrical Properties of Graphene Polymer Nanocomposites

Electrical Properties of Graphene Polymer Nanocomposites

Stable, Surfactant‐Free Graphene–Styrene Methylmethacrylate Composite for Ultrafast Lasers

Intercalation and structural aspects of macroRAFT agents into MgAl layered double hydroxides

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