Synthesis and characterization of poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s containing pendant biphenyl and naphthyl groups

Abstract

New poly(ether ether ketone)s (PEEKs) and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s (PEEKKs) containing pendant biphenyl and naphthyl groups were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction of each of the four bisphenols viz., 1-(4-biphenylyl)-1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 1-(4-biphenylyl)-1,1-bis(3-methyl,4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 4,4’-[1-(2-naphthalenyl)ethylidene] bis-phenol and 4,4’-[1-(2-naphthalenyl) ethylidene] bis-3-methylphenol with 4,4’-difluorobenzophenone and 1,3-bis(4–fluorobenzoyl)benzene in a solvent mixture of N,N-dimethylacetamide and toluene in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate. Inherent viscosities and number-average molecular weights of polymers were in the range of 0.42–0.86 dl/g and 2.40–7.55 × 104, respectively. PEEKs and PEEKKs were amorphous in nature and were readily soluble in a wide range of organic solvents and could be cast into flexible and tough films from chloroform solution. Glass transition temperature of PEEKs and PEEKKs were in the range of 180°C –200°C. T10 values of PEEKs and PEEKKs were in the range of 424°C–512°C in nitrogen atmosphere, indicating their good thermal stability.

Next generation high‐performance carbon fiber thermoplastic composites based on polyaryletherketones

“…(a) PEKK copolymer containing imide linkage to improve thermal resistance and mechanical properties at elevated temperature . (b) Pendant groups to improve solubility for film casting from solution . (c) Pendant groups to enhance the dielectric constant and hydrophobicity …”

“…T g of these polymers range from 174 to 196° and tensile properties are comparable to other amorphous PAEKs. Incorporation of naphthyl and biphenyl side chains [Figure (b)] into various PAEKs also increases T g and allows the polymers to dissolve easily in organic solvents …”

New poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing 2,6-diphenylpyridyl units and diphenylphosphinophenyl pendant groups

“…Relatively speaking, more monomers can be obtained easily by introducing substituents into aromatic rings such as methyl, trifluoromethyl, butyl, halogen, phenyl, and other groups, more functional PEKs can be developed, and the performance of PEKs can be improved accordingly. 19 –31 Although many PEKs with pendant groups are well documented, there are no studies covering PEKs containing triphenylphosphine pendant groups. In addition, it was found that insertion of rigid pyridine ring into PEK macromolecular chains could improve their thermal stability, chemical stability, and solubility.…”

Effects of potassium titanate whisker and glass fiber on tribological and mechanical properties of PTFE/PEEK blend

“…Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is a thermoplastic aromatic polymer material and is one of the most important engineering plastics from the polyaryl ether ketone family. [1][2][3] PEEK has a lot of excellent properties, such as high temperature resistance, dimensional stability, and biocompatibility. 4 Consequently, PEEK is widely used in many other fields such as aerospace, automotive, and medical fields.…”