Synthesis and characterization of poly(butyl acrylate‐<i>co</i>‐ethylhexyl acrylate)/ poly(vinyl chloride)[P(BA‐EHA)/PVC] novel core‐shell modifier and its impact modification for a poly(vinyl chloride)‐based blend

Pan, Mingwang; Xing, Shengnan; Yuan, Jinfeng; Wu, Jiawei; Zhang, Liucheng

doi:10.1002/pen.21626

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…PBA has a low glass-transition temperature (a RAFT-synthesized PBA M n ∼ 20 000 had T g = −54 °C, which is close to the reported value T g = −58 °C for M n ∼ 100 000) and is known to be an effective plasticizer for PVC, and linear PVC- block -PBA- block -PVC (not prepared by RAFT) have previously been examined as plasticizers for PVC. − PVC- b -PBA block copolymers and star -[PVC- b -PBA;(PBA) 2 ] copolymers with similar M n values for the PVC and PBA segments have been synthesized. The T g value of X-PVC-(OH) 2 (63.7 °C, Figure a) is lower than that of a typical commercial PVC, which is attributed to its lower M n (∼10k vs commercial PVC, e.g., M n = 87k, T g = 87.9 °C for PVC SG-5).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…With effective dispersion of the silica, PVC–silica hybrids have the potential of combining the advantageous properties of PVC and silica. ,− Direct dispersion of untreated nanosilica into PVC is demonstrably ineffective in this context, and a variety of modified silica, coupling agents, and copolymers have been explored with a view to improving the interfacial adhesion and the quality of the dispersion. ,− These include heat-treated silica, PMMA- graft -silica, , core–shell PMMA–silica, and plastisols formed by a sol–gel process with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane/TEOS or (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane/TEOS. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Versatile Approach for Preparing PVC-Based Mikto-Arm Star Additives Based on RAFT Polymerization

Sun

Wang

et al. 2020

Macromolecules

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A versatile approach to the synthesis of migration-resistant poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) additives is described and a preliminary assessment of their properties is presented. The process involves the synthesis of AB2 3-mikto-arm stars, star-[PVC-block-(polyB);(polyB)2] or star-[PVC;(polyB)2], that contain a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)-synthesized PVC segment, to provide compatibility with PVC and good migration resistance, and multiple RAFT-synthesized segments (polyB), where polyB is based on more activated monomer (a styrene or a methacrylate) that contains the functionality required to impart the desired additive properties. The approach to PVC-based stars comprises three steps: (a) synthesis of a hydroxy-functional PVC [X-PVC(OH) n ] by RAFT polymerization mediated by a hydroxy-functional xanthate [X-(OH) n ], (b) conversion of the X-PVC(OH) n to the corresponding trithiocarbonate, X-PVC-(CDTPA) n , by the Steglich esterification with 4-cyano-4-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl]pentanoic acid (CDTPA), and (c) formation of star polymer additives by RAFT polymerization mediated by X-PVC-(CDTPA) n . The stars prepared include a plasticizer (B = butyl acrylate), a reactive dispersant for use in forming silica nanocomposites (B = 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane), UV stabilizers (B = 2-[3-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl methacrylate or 2-hydroxy-4-acryloxybenzophenone), and flame retardants (B = 4-vinylbenzyl phosphonate or (diethoxyphosphoryl)methyl methacrylate). Although much optimization remains to be done, our preliminary study shows that the synthesized mikto-arm star additives can be effective in imparting the anticipated properties to PVC.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Approach for Preparing PVC-Based Mikto-Arm Star Additives Based on RAFT Polymerization

Sun

Wang

et al. 2020

Macromolecules

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“…These typically take the form of a polymer that is miscible with and has a lower glass-transition temperature ( T g ) than PVC. Examples are polyesters such as poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) − and polyacrylates. , These can show substantially better (though typically still non-zero) migration resistance, but the plasticizing efficiency with respect to lowering T g or improving ductility is significantly lower than that observed with small molecule plasticizers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“All-PVC” Flexible Poly(vinyl Chloride): Nonmigratory Star-Poly(vinyl Chloride) as Plasticizers for PVC by RAFT Polymerization

Sun

Mi²,

et al. 2021

Macromolecules

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Xanthate-mediated RAFT polymerization has been used to prepare 3-star and 4-star-poly(vinyl chloride) (star-PVC) with a number average molar mass (M n ) in the range of 1 to 7 kg mol −1 . The T g of star-PVC reduces with molar mass and with the number of arms. The star-PVC have substantially lower glasstransition temperatures (T g ) than that of linear PVC of similar M n , with the T g of low-molar mass 4-star-PVC being −7.4 °C. The star-PVC are effective in lowering the T g of blends with commercial PVC when added at 10−30 wt % PVC. When added even at 10 wt %, they are effective in improving the ductility of PVC with an elongation at break (EB) of ∼350% (4-star-PVC) and ∼300% (3star-PVC) relative to commercial PVC, which is substantially higher than that for PVC conventionally plasticized with 30 wt % dioctyl phthalate under similar conditions (EB ∼160%). Importantly, the star-PVC, despite their low molar mass, do not migrate from the PVC blends when tested under standard conditions. The performance of the star-PVC as non-migratory plasticizers for PVC demonstrates the potential for an "all-PVC" flexible PVC.

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“…As a traditional modifier for PVC, ACR can increase the impact strength of PVC by 100–500% than that of pure PVC. However, it reduces the tensile strength of pure PVC by 7–25%. − Eventually, the effective enhancement in both tensile strength and impact strength is quite incomparable to that of elastomer toughening modifiers . Hence, we assumed the possible toughening mechanism for the rigid PVC blended with CL-PVC and DECL-PVC microspheres and the schematic is depicted in Figure .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a Cross-Linked Poly(vinyl chloride) Microsphere by Self-Stabilized Precipitation Polymerization and Its Contribution to Superior Enhancement in Toughness and Mechanical Strength of Rigid PVC

Wang

Song

Shu

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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It remains a formidable challenge to explore novel synthetic approaches and realize a high performance for conventional plastics, especially for poly(vinyl chloride). Herein, we synthesize cross-linked poly(vinyl chloride) (CL-PVC) microspheres via self-stabilized precipitation (2SP) polymerization by using diallyl maleate (DAM) as a cross-linking agent. The effects of solvent composition, DAM concentration, stirring rate, monomer and initiator concentration, and monomer feeding modes on the particle size, gel content (GC), and morphology of the resultant CL-PVC microspheres are evaluated thoroughly. The mixture solvent of n-hexane and ethanol is suitable for conducting the 2SP polymerization of CL-PVC. Monodisperse microspheres have a linear increase in diameter from 405 to 648 nm with the DAM increasing from 0.25 to 16%. The GC values are highly reliant on both the amount of DAM and its feeding modes. Subsequently, the CL-PVC and dioctyl phthalate-extended CL-PVC (DECL-PVC) microspheres are utilized as functional polymeric fillers in a rigid PVC resin. It is encouraging that both mechanical and impact strengths are enhanced concurrently. When 5 phr DECL-PVC (GC = 30.08%) and DECL-PVC (GC = 76.23%) are added to the rigid PVC resin, the tensile strengths thereof can reach 73 and 78 MPa, respectively, which are much higher than that of the contrast (∼54 MPa). Meanwhile, the highest impact strength can reach 4.36 kJ/m2 by using 5 phr DECL-PVC (GC = 30.08%) as a toughening modifier, which increased by 53.0% than that of CL-PVC (2.85 kJ/m2) at a similar loading content and 209.2% than that of pure PVC (1.41 kJ/m2). This work offers a novel strategy for the synthesis of the CL-PVC microsphere and opens a new scope for its further use.

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Synthesis and characterization of poly(butyl acrylate‐co‐ethylhexyl acrylate)/ poly(vinyl chloride)[P(BA‐EHA)/PVC] novel core‐shell modifier and its impact modification for a poly(vinyl chloride)‐based blend

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Versatile Approach for Preparing PVC-Based Mikto-Arm Star Additives Based on RAFT Polymerization

Versatile Approach for Preparing PVC-Based Mikto-Arm Star Additives Based on RAFT Polymerization

“All-PVC” Flexible Poly(vinyl Chloride): Nonmigratory Star-Poly(vinyl Chloride) as Plasticizers for PVC by RAFT Polymerization

Synthesis of a Cross-Linked Poly(vinyl chloride) Microsphere by Self-Stabilized Precipitation Polymerization and Its Contribution to Superior Enhancement in Toughness and Mechanical Strength of Rigid PVC

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