Synthesis and characterization of phenol‐based biaryl proton conducting polymers

Abstract

Biaryl hydroxy polymers with orthogonal disposition of proton transporting OH moieties have been synthesized via conventional free radical polymerization. The polymers are characterized for their thermal stability and proton conductivity, and the results are compared with the corresponding styrenic hydroxy polymers. The orthogonal disposition of OH moieties in biaryl polymers does result in lower Ea for proton transport. However, the lower Ea values in biaryl polymers did not translate into a net increase in proton conductivity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012

Ionomers From Kraft Lignin for Renewable Energy Applications

“…The Na 2 SO 3 -HCHO based sulfonation strategy was also more advantageous over the one based on butane sultone-NaOH (Tongiani et al, 2005 ; Rosu et al, 2013 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ) as the former one kept the –OH groups intact in the LS x structure (Zhang et al, 2017 ). These –OH groups can (1) itself take part in ion conduction as hydrogen bond donor and acceptor (Nagamani et al, 2011 , 2012 ), and (2) facilitate hydrophilic ion channel formation alongside the ether linkages and –SO 3 H groups of LS x ionomer chains. The ratio of lignin-to-Na 2 SO 3 was the key to control the IEC values of LS x ionomers (described in the “Synthesis of Lignin Sulfonate” subsection under the “Methods” section).…”

“…If ion-conducting functionalities, such as sulfonic acid (–SO 3 H) groups are covalently attached to the lignin structure, the neutral lignin polymer can act like an ionomer. The polar –OH groups and ether (-O-) linkages, alongside –SO 3 H groups, can attract water molecules inside the polymer network, form additional hydrogen-bonded (Grunwald and Puar, 1967 ; Nagamani et al, 2011 , 2012 ; Ye et al, 2019 ) proton conduction pathways and facilitate water-mediated proton conduction within lignin sulfonate-based ionomeric materials. To date, a few works have been reported where neutral lignin (Uddin et al, 2017 ; Ye et al, 2019 ) or water-soluble, polyelectrolyte-like lignosulfonate (Zhang et al, 2006 ; Gonggo et al, 2012 ) were blended with a neutral polymer matrix material (polystyrene or polysulfone) to make composite membranes for methanol fuel cells and redox flow batteries.…”

Self‐Assembly of Functionalized Oligothiophene into Hygroscopic Fibers: Fabrication of Highly Sensitive and Fast Humidity Sensors

“…The target OT-TEG compound (6), was prepared in high yield (90%) starting from 5-bromo-1,2,3-tris(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy) benzene (1), [20] through a synthetic sequence consisting of sequential Suzuki-Miyaura coupling to compound 3, bromination and final Still coupling reaction with bistannylbithiophene derivative 5 ( Figure S1).…”

Scalable Multicomponent Synthesis of (Hetero)aryl‐Substituted Phenyls: Focus on Metal‐Free Halogenated Biaryls, 3‐Arylindoles, and Isourolithine A Synthesis

“…In particular, great attention has been given to the development of metal‐free approaches to biaryls, and heterobiaryls, considering the importance of these scaffolds in several fields, ranging from their use as ligands in organic synthesis to their predominance in pharmacologically active natural and synthetic compounds . Moreover, thanks to their electronic properties, (hetero)biaryls play a key role in current research on electronic materials, and liquid crystals (Figure ).…”