Synthesis and Characterization of New Melt‐cast Energetic Salts: Dipotassium and Diaminoguanidinium N,N′‐Dinitro‐N,N′‐Bis(3‐dinitromethyl‐furazanate‐4‐yl)methylenediamine

Abstract

Diaminoguanidinium N,N'-dinitro-N,N'-bis(3-dinitromethyl-furazanate-4-yl)methylenediamine (5), a new melt-cast energetic salt, was designed and synthesized via metathesis reaction from dipotassium N,N'-dinitro-N,N'-bis (3-dinitromethyl-furazanate-4-yl)methylenediamine (4) by using condensation of 3-amino-4-chloroximinofurazan (1), followed by a mixture of fuming nitric acid and trifluoroacetic anhydride and then KI reduction. The target products were thoroughly characterized by NMR spectroscopy, vibrational spectroscopy (IR), elementary analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Single-crystal X-ray dif-fraction was employed for analyzing the crystal structure of 5. Compound 4 not only exhibits two-stages in decomposition properties but also behaves sensitivities as primary explosive (IS: 2.5 J, FS: 216 N). Compound 5 exhibits excellent thermal stability (onset m.p. 113 8C, onset dec. 282 8C) which is superior to those of RDX and approach those of TNT. Different from RDX, 5 exhibits better impact and friction sensitivity (IS: 20 J, FS: 128 N). Worth noting that, the detonation velocity of 5 (D: 8500 m s À1 ) is comparable with that of RDX.

Energetic [1,2,5]oxadiazolo [2,3-a]pyrimidin-8-ium Perchlorates: Synthesis and Characterization

“…Significant progress has been achieved in the development of furazan-based salts, some types of which are depicted in Figure 1 . Typically, the furazan moiety is located in the anionic part of the energetic salt, as in salts of nitramines 1 [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], perchlorylamines 2 [ 24 ], dinitromethyl 3 [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], tetrazolyl 4 [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ], pyrazolo [3,4- c ]furazanates 5 [ 38 , 39 , 40 ], and [1,2,3]triazolo [4,5- c ][1,2,5]oxadiazoles 6 [ 41 ]. Cations involving the furazan ring are very rare; in the previously described salts ( 7 [ 42 ] and 8 [ 20 ] ), the positive charge is located in the side chain.…”