Synthesis and characterization of Nb2AlC thin films

Scabarozi, T. H.; Roche, J.; Rosenfeld, A.; Lim, Sang Ho; Salamanca‐Riba, L.; Yong, Grace; Takeuchi, Ichiro; Barsoum, Michel W.; Hettinger, J. D.; Lofland, S. E.

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2008.12.047

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[275]. Very recently, Scabarozi et al [109] reported that epitaxial Nb 2 AlC thin films exhibit a superconducting transition at 440 mK. Further, theoretical studies have suggested that superconducting MAX phases should primarily be found among those whose corresponding MX phases are superconductors [298].…”

Section: Superconductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These observations seem contradictory to the strong anisotropy predicted by theory for many MAX phases, and this is yet another indication that any connection between the band structure and the conductivity must be made with great care. Furthermore, some experimental studies actually suggest that the c-axis conductivity for Ti 2 GeC [282], Nb 2 AlC [109], and Ti 2 AlN [283] might be higher than the in-plane conductivity. This suggestion could very well be correct (cf., section 6.1.3), but is nevertheless counterintuitive and in apparent contradiction to the theoretical band structure.…”

Section: Ti 2 Aln [281]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The M+1AX phases: Materials science and thin-film processing

et al. 2010

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This article is a critical review of the M n+1 AX n phases ("MAX phases", where n =1, 2, or 3) from a materials science perspective. MAX phases are a class of hexagonal-structure ternary carbides and nitrides ("X") of a transition metal ("M") and an A-group element. The most well known are Ti 2 AlC, Ti 3 SiC 2 , and Ti 4 AlN 3 . There are ~60 MAX phases with at least 9 discovered in the last five years alone. What makes the MAX phases fascinating and potentially useful is their remarkable combination of chemical, physical, electrical, and mechanical properties, which in many ways combine the characteristics of metals and ceramics. For example, MAX phases are typically resistant to oxidation and corrosion, elastically stiff, but at the same time they exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivities and are machinable. These properties stem from an inherently nanolaminated crystal structure, with M n+1 X n slabs intercalated with pure A-element layers. The research on MAX phases has been accelerated by the introduction of thin-film processing methods.Magnetron sputtering and arc deposition have been employed to synthesize single-crystal material by epitaxial growth, which enables studies of fundamental materials properties. However, the surface-initiated decomposition of M n+1 AX n thin films into MX compounds at temperatures of 1000-1100 °C is much lower than the decomposition temperatures typically reported for the corresponding bulk material. We also review the prospects for low-temperature synthesis, which is essential for deposition of MAX phases onto technologically important substrates. While deposition of MAX phases from the archetypical Ti-Si-C and Ti-Al-N systems typically require synthesis temperatures of ~800 °C, recent results have demonstrated that V 2 GeC and Cr 2 AlC can be deposited at ~450 °C. Also, thermal spray of Ti 2 AlC powder has been used to produce thick coatings. We further treat progress in the use of first-principles calculations for predicting hypothetical MAX phases and their properties. Together with advances in processing and materials 3 analysis, this progress has led to recent discoveries of numerous new MAX phases such as Ti 4 SiC 3 , Ta 4 AlC 3 , and Ti 3 SnC 2 . Finally, important future research directions are discussed. These include charting the unknown regions in phase diagrams to discover new equilibrium and metastable phases, as well as research challenges in understanding their physical properties, such as the effects of anisotropy, impurities, and vacancies on the electrical properties, and unexplored properties such as superconductivity, magnetism, and optics. 4

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Section: Superconductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ti 2 Aln [281]mentioning

confidence: 99%

The M+1AX phases: Materials science and thin-film processing

et al. 2010

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“…However, some of these do not investigate phase-pure samples, 51,52 and in those cases, any differences observed between bulk resistivity and measured resistivities for thin films can be explained by large amounts of secondary phases rather than by anisotropy. Scabarozi et al 25 performed measurements on phase-pure, high-quality epitaxial (000 )-oriented Ti 2 GeC, and a comparison with bulk polycrystalline samples suggested that the anisotropy in the conductivity is relatively weak (a factor of 1.6 between c-axis conductivity and in-plane conductivity).…”

Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epitaxial growth and electrical transport properties of Cr2GeC thin films

et al. 2011

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“…Numerous other MAX phase materials have been deposited using magnetron sputtering [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] including Cr 2 AlC [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A combinatorial comparison of DC and high power impulse magnetron sputtered Cr2AlC

Field

Carlsson

Eklund

et al. 2014

Surface and Coatings Technology

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Abstract. Using a combinatorial approach, Cr, Al and C have been deposited onto sapphire wafer substrates by High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) and DC magnetron sputtering. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were employed to determine the composition and microstructure of the coatings and confirm the presence of the Cr 2 AlC MAX phase within both coatings. One location in both the DCMS and HiPIMS coatings contained only MAX phase Cr 2 AlC.The electrical resistivity was also found to be nearly identical at this location and close to that reported from the bulk, indicating that the additional energy in the HiPIMS plasma was not required to form high quality MAX phase Cr 2 AlC.

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Synthesis and characterization of Nb2AlC thin films

Cited by 53 publications

References 18 publications

The M+1AX phases: Materials science and thin-film processing

The M+1AX phases: Materials science and thin-film processing

Epitaxial growth and electrical transport properties of Cr2GeC thin films

A combinatorial comparison of DC and high power impulse magnetron sputtered Cr2AlC

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