Synthesis and characterization of Nafion®-MO2 (M=Zr, Si, Ti) nanocomposite membranes for higher temperature PEM fuel cells

Jalani, Nikhil H.; Dunn, Katherine A.; Datta, Ravindra

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2005.05.016

Cited by 347 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the case of composites containing hygroscopic oxides, such as SiO 2 , TiO 2 , or ZrO 2 , as fillers, the results have been attributed to the effect of filler surface characteristics on the water retention properties of the composite and/or to morphological variations of the composite membrane with respect to unfilled Nafion [14][15][16]. The amount of filler must be carefully controlled since an excessive loading of a non conducting inorganic species may be detrimental for the overall proton conductivity of the composite Nafion membrane [17].…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of Nafion/Tin Oxide Composite MEA for DMFC Applications

et al. 2010

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Wiley-VCH AbstractNafion composite membranes containing either hydrated tin oxide (SnO 2 ·nH 2 O) or sulfated tin oxide (SSnO 2 ) at 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% were prepared and characterized. The structural and electrochemical features of the samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, methanol crossover, and direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) tests. Highest conductivity values were obtained by using S-SnO 2 as filler (0.094 Scm -1 at T=110°C and RH=100%). The presence of the inorganic compound resulted in lower methanol crossover and improved DMFC performance with respect to a reference unfilled membrane. To improve the interface of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), a layer of the composite electrolyte (i.e., the Nafion membrane containing 5 wt% S-SnO 2 ) was brushed on the electrodes, obtaining a DMFC operating at 110°C with a power density (PD) of 100 mWcm -2 which corresponds to a PD improvement of 52% with respect to the unfilled Nafion membrane.

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Development of Nafion/Tin Oxide Composite MEA for DMFC Applications

et al. 2010

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“…Membranes doped with hygroscopic oxides, such as SiO 2 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and others, were proposed with the intention of increasing the water uptake of the membranes and decreasing the humidification requirements of the PEMFCs. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] [Nafion/(SiO 2 ) x ] nanocomposite membranes exhibited the presence of four different water domains. 22 The silica inorganic filler affects the dynamic relaxations of Nafion and consequently the conductivity of the membrane.…”

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confidence: 99%

New nanocomposite proton conducting membranes based on a core–shell nanofiller for low relative humidity fuel cells

et al. 2013

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New hybrid inorganic-organic proton conducting membranes containing a ZrTa nanofiller dispersed in a Nafion 1 matrix are described. The ZrTa nanofiller exhibits a ''core-shell'' morphology, where the harder ZrO 2 forms the ''core'', which is covered by a ''shell'' of the softer Ta electrode assembly (MEA) containing the hybrid membrane is better than that of the MEA containing Nafion, particularly at low values of relative humidity. The hybrid membranes require much less water to conduct protons effectively and are more efficient at retaining water than Nafion at low water activities.

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“…The increase in the proton conductivity of about 30% for the composite membranes is mainly due to their higher water uptake capacity with specific orientation and interaction of fillers with the polymer. The bulk water molecules present in the membrane act as charge carriers according to the vehicular mechanism [29]. Thus, the proton conductivity appreciably increased for the composite membrane developed in this study as a result of superior vehicular mechanism although there is small decline in the IEC.…”

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confidence: 75%

A Nafion-Ceria Composite Membrane Electrolyte for Reduced Methanol Crossover in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2017

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An alternative Nafion composite membrane was prepared by incorporating various loadings of CeO 2 nanoparticles into the Nafion matrix and evaluated its potential application in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The effects of CeO 2 in the Nafion matrix were systematically studied in terms of surface morphology, thermal and mechanical stability, proton conductivity and methanol permeability. The composite membrane with optimum filler content (1 wt. % CeO 2 ) exhibits a proton conductivity of 176 mS·cm −1 at 70 • C, which is about 30% higher than that of the unmodified membrane. Moreover, all the composite membranes possess a much lower methanol crossover compared to pristine Nafion membrane. In a single cell DMFC test, MEA fabricated with the optimized composite membrane delivered a peak power density of 120 mW·cm −2 at 70 • C, which is about two times higher in comparison with the pristine Nafion membrane under identical operating conditions.

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Synthesis and characterization of Nafion®-MO2 (M=Zr, Si, Ti) nanocomposite membranes for higher temperature PEM fuel cells

Cited by 347 publications

References 24 publications

Development of Nafion/Tin Oxide Composite MEA for DMFC Applications

Development of Nafion/Tin Oxide Composite MEA for DMFC Applications

New nanocomposite proton conducting membranes based on a core–shell nanofiller for low relative humidity fuel cells

A Nafion-Ceria Composite Membrane Electrolyte for Reduced Methanol Crossover in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

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