Synthesis and characterization of Nafion/cross-linked PVP semi-interpenetrating polymer network membrane for direct methanol fuel cell

Li, Tao; Zhong, Guiming; Fu, Riqiang; Yang, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2010.02.038

Cited by 58 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The proton conductivity increases with increasing DS from 5.07 9 10 -10 S cm -1 for Non-S-coPI to 1.16 9 10 -2 S cm -1 for S-coPI-3, because an increase in the number of the sulfonated groups increases the proton hopping area. The proton conductivity of Nafion was reported in the work of Li et al [17]. In the previous work reported by Sung et al., at the room temperature (30°C), the proton conductivities in the fully hydrated state of the pristine sPI membrane and the coated sPI membrane were 0.65 9 10 -1 and 0.62 9 10 -1 S cm -1 , respectively [3], which are comparable to ours of the present work.…”

Section: Proton Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(aromatic imide-co-aliphatic imide) (S-coPI) membrane for direct methanol fuel cells

2014

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A novel polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) based on sulfonated poly(aromatic imide-co-aliphatic imide) (S-coPI) is synthesized by the polycondensation of 3,3 0 ,4,4 0 -benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPTDA) with 4,4 0 -diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM), 4,4 0 -diaminodiphenylmethane-3,3 0 -disulfonic acid disodium salt (S-DDM), and adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH). The ADH is utilized to increase the flexibility of the backbone structure due to its aliphatic structure. The sulfonation degree of S-coPI is controlled by varying the mole ratio of DDM, S-DDM, and ADH. The S-DDM containing two sulfonated groups is confirmed by 1 H-NMR. S-coPI membranes are characterized by FT-IR to identify the characteristic peaks of the sulfonated group at 1,298, 1,159, 1,098, and 1,065 cm -1 . Thermogravimetric analysis is used to investigate the thermal stability of S-coPI; it undergoes 2 steps in the degradation process, one at 320°C which represents the decomposition of the sulfonated group and one at 560°C which represents the polymer backbone degradation. The S-coPI-3, with the highest sulfonation degree, possesses proton conductivity value of about 1.16 9 10 -2 S cm -1 . The methanol permeability of the S-coPI films are in the range of 3.864 9 10 -8 -6.521 9 10 -8 cm 2 s -1 , about 26-40 times lower than that of Nafion 117.

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Section: Proton Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(aromatic imide-co-aliphatic imide) (S-coPI) membrane for direct methanol fuel cells

2014

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“…The acid-base Nafion composite membranes include blends of Nafion with polypyrrole (PPy) [98][99][100][101][102][103][104], polybenzimidazole (PBI) [105][106][107], poly (propyleneoxide) (PPO) [108,109], polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) [110], poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [111][112][113][114][115], sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde (sPF) [116], polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) [117][118][119][120][121][122], poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) [123], poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) [124] polyaniline (PANI) [125][126][127][128], polyethylene (PE) [129], poly(ethylene-terephtalate) [130], sulfated β-cyclodextrin (sCD) [131], sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (sPEEK) [132][133][134][135], sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone) (sPAEK) [136], poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES) [137], poly(vinylimidazole) (PVI) [138], poly(vinyl pyridine) (PVPy) [139], poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) [140][141]<...>…”

Section: Polymer/nafion Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic/Nafion blends can be classified as having a small barrier effect (P r > 0.25), as the case of PPy [102][103][104], PPO [108,109], PFA [110], sPF [116], PPV [123], PVP [124], PE [129], sPEEK [133][134][135], sPAEK [136], PVI [138], PTFE [142], sPOSS [144], PEDT [146], PR [147], PM [148], PSSA [150], and AMPS [152], moderate barrier effect (0.04 < P r < 0.25), as the case of PETE [130], sPAES [137], or strong barrier effect (P r < 0.04), as the case of PAES [137] and PFEP [143].…”

Section: Methanol Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In region A (σ r >1, and P r <1) only sulfonated POSS/Nafion composites [144] [90]; Nd triflate ( ) [91]; Er triflate ( ) [92]; PWA ( ) [94]; PMA ( ) [33]. Gray symbols correspond to sulfonated fillers and closed symbols to layered composites along with some PTFE-coated Nafion membranes [142], and Nafion/PVP composites [124]. Exceptionally high relative selectivities are reported for sPOSS (β r ¼ 8.3) [144], PVdF (β r ¼ 20) [119,120], PANI-coated Nafion (β r ¼ 8.0) [126], and semi-inter penetrating polymer networks of Nafion and crosslinked poly(AMPS) (β r ¼ 16) [152].…”

Section: Methanol Selectivity Of Nafion Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…β r =1 Fig. 6.23 Selectivity plot for Nafion/organic compounds: PPy ( ) [102,103]; PBI ( ) [106,107]; PPO ( ) [108,109], PFA ( ) [110]; PVA ( ) [112][113][114]; PF ( ) [116]; PVdF ( ) [117][118][119][120]; PPV ( ) [123];PVP ( ) [124]; PANI ( ) [126][127][128]; PE ( ) [129]; β-CD ( ) [131]; sPEEK ( ) [133,134]; sPAEK ( ) [136]; sPAES ( ) [137]; PVI ( ) [138]; PVPy ( ) [139]; PTFE ( ) [142]; PFEP ( ) [143]; sPOSS ( ) [144]; PEDT ( ) [145,146]; PR ( ) [147]; PSSA ( ) [150]; SEBS ( ) [151]; AMPS ( ) [152]. Closed symbols correspond to layered composites Nafion membranes treated with supercritical CO 2 become more crystalline and a moderate increase in methanol selectivity is observed [166], although DMFC performance improved significantly [165].…”

Section: Methanol Selectivity Of Nafion Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Corti

2013

Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

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This chapter is devoted to summarize and discuss the main properties of ionomeric membranes used in direct alcohol PEM fuel cells. Although Nafion is the proton exchange membrane commonly used in methanol and other direct alcohol fuel cells, other proton and alkaline membranes are being investigated in order to improve the efficiency of DAFC. The goals in the development of this critical component of DAFC are: low cost, long durability, low alcohol permeability and high electrical conductivity. The last two properties can be combined in a single parameter, the membrane selectivity that accounts for the ratio between the proton and alcohol transport through the membrane. This parameter can be compared to that measured for Nafion to define a relative selectivity, which is a primary parameter to evaluate the potentiality of a ionomer material to be used in alcohol feed fuel cells.The vast catalogue of polymeric materials reviewed here included Nafion composite with inorganic and organic fillers, and non-fluorinated proton conducting membranes such as sulfonated polyimides, poly(arylene ether)s, polysulfones, poly (vinyl alcohol), polystyrenes, and acid-doped polybenzimidazoles. Anionexchange membranes are also discussed because of the facile electro-oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media and because of the minimization of alcohol crossover in alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells.The performance of different types of membranes in direct alcohol fuel cells, mainly methanol, are summarized and discussed in order to identify the most promissory ones. The lack of correlation between the relative selectivity and fuel cell performance of the membranes indicates that the architecture of the three

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