“…In medicine, PVA is convenient because it has low protein absorption and chemical resistance [121]. Thus, it has been used for applications such as controlled drug delivery systems [106], soft contact lenses [96,106], eye drops [122], embolization particles [123,124], tissue adhesion barriers [125,126], transdermal patches and jellies for the skin [115], and as artificial cartilage and meniscus [106,127]. Moreover, PVA helps dissipate heat and prolongs electronic devices' lifetime [128], is helpful for wastewater treatment [129][130][131][132], as well as in the industrial, commercial, and food sectors [106,[133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140].…”