Synthesis and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes-supported dibenzo-14-crown-4 ether with proton ionizable carboxyl sidearm as Li+ adsorbents

Torrejos, Rey Eliseo C.; Nisola, Grace M.; Park, Myoung Jun; Shon, Ho Kyong; Seo, Jeong Gil; Koo, Sangho; Chung, Wook–Jin

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2014.11.036

Cited by 61 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, the immobilization of crown ether onto different supports has attracted interests in recent years, and become a promising method to separate the lithium and its isotopes [6,7,8,9]. By using chemical functionalization, the oxidized carbon nanotubes were modified with hydroxy-dibenzo-14-crown-4 ether and the resultant adsorbents had the adsorption capacity of 2.11 mg·g −1 [10]. Recently, a mesoporous silica modified with the 4′-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 (AB15C5) was produced by chemical modification, which had an adsorption capacity of 5.4 mg·g −1 and a separation factor of 1.049 ± 0.002 [11], and they found that AB15C5 ligand has better complexing ability with Li + and good selectivity for the lithium isotopes than those of B15C5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Functionalized Cellulose Microspheres for Efficient Separation of Lithium Ion and Its Isotopes: Synthesis and Adsorption Performance

Chen

Peng

et al. 2019

Molecules

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The adsorption of lithium ions(Li+) and the separation of lithium isotopes have attracted interests due to their important role in energy storage and nuclear energy, respectively. However, it is still challenging to separate the Li+ and its isotopes with high efficiency and selectivity. A novel cellulose-based microsphere containing crown ethers groups (named as MCM-g-AB15C5) was successfully synthesized by pre-irradiation-induced emulsion grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and followed by the chemical reaction between the epoxy group of grafted polymer and 4′-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 (AB15C5). By using MCM-g-AB15C5 as adsorbent, the effects of solvent, metal ions, and adsorption temperature on the adsorption uptake of Li+ and separation factor of 6Li/7Li were investigated in detail. Solvent with low polarity, high adsorption temperature in acetonitrile could improve the uptake of Li+ and separation factor of lithium isotopes. The MCM-g-AB15C5 exhibited the strongest adsorption affinity to Li+ with a separation factor of 1.022 ± 0.002 for 6Li/7Li in acetonitrile. The adsorption isotherms in acetonitrile is fitted well with the Langmuir model with an ultrahigh adsorption capacity up to 12.9 mg·g−1, indicating the unexpected complexation ratio of 1:2 between MCM-g-AB15C5 and Li+. The thermodynamics study confirmed the adsorption process is the endothermic, spontaneous, and chemisorption adsorption. As-prepared novel cellulose-based adsorbents are promising materials for the efficient and selective separation of Li+ and its isotopes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Functionalized Cellulose Microspheres for Efficient Separation of Lithium Ion and Its Isotopes: Synthesis and Adsorption Performance

Chen

Peng

et al. 2019

Molecules

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“…The synergistic effect between Li ? extraction capacity and ring size of the crown ethers was and MWCNTs-HDB14C4-COOH extractants [149]. systematically discussed by Bartsch et al using various crown ethers composed of different atom quantities, ranging from 13 to 16 [146][147][148].…”

Section: Crown Ether Chelating System Extractantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two types of crown ether derivatives, multi-walled carbon nanotube-based hydroxy-dibenzo-14-crown-4 ether (MWCNTs-HDB14C4) and multi-walled carbon nanotube-based acidified hydroxy-dibenzo-14-crown-4 (MWCNTs-HDB14C4-COOH), were synthesized by Torrejos et al to investigate the change caused by the -COOH side arm on the selective extraction ability of Li ? [149]. MWCNTs with more surface interaction sites can incorporate more crown ethers, which can, in turn, optimize the Li ?…”

Section: Crown Ether Chelating System Extractantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine

et al. 2020

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Rapid developments in the electric industry have promoted an increasing demand for lithium resources. Lithium in salt lake brines has emerged as the main source for industrial lithium extraction, owing to its low cost and extensive reserves. The effective separation of Mg 2? and Li ? is critical to achieving high recovery efficiency and purity of the final lithium product. This paper summarizes Mg 2? /Li ? separation materials and methods in the field of lithium recovery from salt lake brines. The review begins with an introduction to the global distribution and demand for lithium resources, followed by a description of the materials used in various separation techniques, including precipitation, adsorption, solvent extraction, nanofiltration membrane, electrodialysis, and electrochemical methods. A comparison, analysis, and outlook of such methods are comprehensively discussed in terms of principles, mechanisms, synthesis/operation, development, and industrial applications. We conclude with a presentation of challenges and insights into the future directions of lithium extraction from salt lake brines. A combination of the advantages of various materials is the most logical step toward developing novel methods for extracting lithium from brines with high separation selectivity, stability, low cost, and environmentally friendly characteristics.

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“…Raman spectroscopy is a technique used for identifying any disorder or change in the sp 2 carbon-carbon bonds [35]. Carbon nanotubes usually reveal two main peaks: D-band (1330 cm −1 ) and G-band (1580 cm −1 ), which are associated with the defect and graphitic structure, respectively, and the ratio of these two peaks can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the employed chemical functionalization processes [36][37][38][39]. Here in this study, strong acids (i.e., sulfuric and nitric acids) were used to generate vacancy defects on perfect/inert crystalline structures of the HCNTs, which later can be used for attaching different functional groups.…”

Section: Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Functionalization of Helical Carbon Nanotubes: Influence of Sonication Time and Concentrations of Sulfuric and Nitric Acids with 3 : 1 Mixing Ratio

Taklimi

Ghazinezami

Askari

2019

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with straight geometries have been widely studied for various engineering applications, and they are often treated or functionalized to improve their effectiveness, depending on their role and expected performance. However, helical configurations of CNTs (HCNTs) have not been sufficiently investigated, especially in their functionalized states for high-performance nanocomposite applications. The coil-shaped geometry of these HCNTs increases the mechanical entanglement of these nanotubes with a host resin system when they are used as reinforcements. This consequently has the potential to improve the mechanical, thermal, electrical, and magnetic properties of the polymeric matrix systems. A uniform dispersion of CNTs in the resin plays an important role in obtaining improved and consistent properties in the final nanocomposite part. To improve the homogeneous dispersion (individual suspension) of these nanotubes in the host resin and to enhance their interactions/bonds with the resin molecules, the surface of these nanotubes should be modified. This study investigates a sonication method for chemical functionalization of HCNTs using a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids with 3 to 1 mixing ratio [3 : 1], and it evaluates the effects of acid concentrations and sonication time on the severity of the functionalization process. To evaluate the effectiveness of the process parameters, the functionalized HCNTs (FHCNTs) were examined using several characterization instruments and techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), visual dispersion test, and Raman spectroscopy. The characterization results confirmed that the changes in process parameters were mostly effective and the atomic structures of the functionalized HCNTs were successfully altered. All FHCNT samples demonstrated higher dispersion uniformity, increase in Raman ID/IG ratios, and changes in the FTIR spectra compared to the pristine HCNTs. Most of the FHCNTs had a reduction in crystallinity, which was consistent with our expectation that functionalization generates more defects on the surface structure of HCNTs, thus leading to a lower intensity of the graphitic peak. The largest reduction in crystallinity was seen for HCNTs treated with a 16 molarity acidic solution; therefore, the HCNTs that were treated with lower molarity acids could be used for further studies and explored for their effective applications in improving the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymeric nanocomposites.

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Synthesis and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes-supported dibenzo-14-crown-4 ether with proton ionizable carboxyl sidearm as Li+ adsorbents

Cited by 61 publications

References 50 publications

Novel Functionalized Cellulose Microspheres for Efficient Separation of Lithium Ion and Its Isotopes: Synthesis and Adsorption Performance

Novel Functionalized Cellulose Microspheres for Efficient Separation of Lithium Ion and Its Isotopes: Synthesis and Adsorption Performance

Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine

Chemical Functionalization of Helical Carbon Nanotubes: Influence of Sonication Time and Concentrations of Sulfuric and Nitric Acids with 3 : 1 Mixing Ratio

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