Synthesis and Characterization of Modified Clays as Sorbents of Toluene and Xylene

Abstract

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylenes (BTEX) are the major water-soluble constituents of gasoline that may contaminate soils and natural waters, which can be sorbed by organoclays. This study investigates the sorption of toluene and xylene by organoclays produced from Brazilian bentonite (SVC) and from Wyoming bentonite (SSA) with hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA), as well as by a commercial organoclay (SCo). The organoclays were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, Differential Thermal Analysis, Thermogravimetry. Isothermal sorption were performed. The efficiencies of the organoclays on removing toluene increased in the order: SVC-HDTMA < SSA-HDTMA < SCo. The xylene sorption by SVC-HDTMA and SSA-HDTMA organoclays was about two times higher than by the SCo. These organoclays may be used as permeable reactive barriers or in ceramic filters for petroleum waste-water treatment systems.

Use of carbon materials for produced water treatment: a review on adsorption process and performance

“…Regarding the possible recovery and regeneration of the adsorbent and adsorbate in the adsorption process, it plays a prominent role as treatment options for the elimination of BTEX from the aqueous solution (Aivalioti et al 2012a). An extensive range of studies has been carried out on adsorption of BTEX from aqueous solutions by employing various adsorbents such as zeolite (Seifi et al 2011;Szala et al 2015), resins Rathilal 2017, 2018), carbon nanotube (Lu et al 2008;Su et al 2010Su et al , 2016Yu et al 2016), organoclay (Jaynes and Vance 1996;Nourmoradi et al 2012;Vianna et al 2005) and AC (Aleghafouri et al 2015;Daifullah and Girgis 2003). Li et al (2010) evaluated the application of three EG-based complex materials for removing toluene.…”

A thermal, sorptive and spectral study of HDTMA-bentonite loaded with uranyl phosphate

“…In the present study, we investigated thermal degradation of sorption products to elucidate the mechanism of interaction between the surfactant and the bentonite matrix. There is relatively little research concerning thermal analysis of HDTMA-bentonite [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]; however, this problem has received sufficient scrutiny in the works concerning the analog of bentonite, montmorillonite [18][19][20][21][22]. The introduction of phosphate ions to a sorption system is a new problem, and there is a dearth of research concerning thermal analysis of HDTMA-P(V)-bentonite and its modifications with U(VI).…”

Petrochemicals

“…Adsorption. Vianna et al (2005) investigated the use of three types of organoclay, namely Brazilian bentonite and Wyoming bentonite (both combined with hexadecyl-trimethylammonium) and a commercial organoclay, as an adsorbent for the removal of watersoluble organic constituents of gasoline (BTEX; benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) in petroleum refinery wastewaters. These organoclays were characterized by Xray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and thermogravimetry.…”