Synthesis and Characterization of Manganese-Modified Black TiO2 Nanoparticles and Their Performance Evaluation for the Photodegradation of Phenolic Compounds from Wastewater

Abstract

The release of phenolic-contaminated treated palm oil mill effluent (TPOME) poses a severe threat to human and environmental health. In this work, manganese-modified black TiO2 (Mn-B-TiO2) was produced for the photodegradation of high concentrations of total phenolic compounds from TPOME. A modified glycerol-assisted technique was used to synthesize visible-light-sensitive black TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), which were then calcined at 300 °C for 60 min for conversion to anatase crystalline phase. The black TiO2 was further modified with manganese by utilizing a wet impregnation technique. Visible light absorption, charge carrier separation, and electron–hole pair recombination suppression were all improved when the band structure of TiO2 was tuned by producing Ti3+ defect states. As a result of the enhanced optical and electrical characteristics of black TiO2 NPs, phenolic compounds were removed from TPOME at a rate of 48.17%, which is 2.6 times higher than P25 (18%). When Mn was added to black TiO2 NPs, the Ti ion in the TiO2 lattice was replaced by Mn, causing a large redshift of the optical absorption edges and enhanced photodegradation of phenolic compounds from TPOME. The photodegradation efficiency of phenolic compounds by Mn-B-TiO2 improved to 60.12% from 48.17% at 0.3 wt% Mn doping concentration. The removal efficiency of phenolic compounds from TPOME diminished when Mn doping exceeded the optimum threshold (0.3 wt%). According to the findings, Mn-modified black TiO2 NPs are the most effective, as they combine the advantages of both black TiO2 and Mn doping.

Antioxidant-rich brilliant polymeric nanocomposites for quick and efficient non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor

“…Additionally, the TiO 2 nanoparticles stretching vibrational modes presented at 753 and 429 cm −1 which approved the synthesized TiO 2 nanoparticles. 31–33…”

“…Additionally, the TiO 2 nanoparticles stretching vibrational modes presented at 753 and 429 cm −1 which approved the synthesized TiO 2 nanoparticles. [31][32][33] Poly(MMA/DMAEMA/CHAA) was analyzed by FT-IR with wave numbers ranging between 400 and 4000 cm −1 as observed in Fig. 4.…”

Recent progress in TiO2-based microwave absorption materials

“…46,47 Since it was first prepared in 2011, the so-called black TiO 2 has gained a great deal of interest worldwide, as it has been shown to have applications in catalysis, energy conversion, microwave absorption and other fields. [48][49][50][51] For example, the optimal reflection loss (RL min ) was −53.8 dB at 11.2 GHz and the absorption bandwidth for the RL values less than −20 dB was 9.5 GHz for hydrogenated TiO 2 synthesized by the reduction of commercial P25 with NaBH 4 in an argon atmosphere by Pan et al 15 According to the collective-movement-of-interfacial-dipole (CMID) model, interaction of incident microwave radiation with collective dipoles accumulated at the charge density of the hydrogenated core-shell TiO 2 nanoparticle crystal/dis-ordered interface boundary produces a collective interfacial polarization amplified microwave absorption (CIPAMA) 47 (Fig. 3A).…”

“…46,47 Since it was first prepared in 2011, the so-called black TiO 2 has gained a great deal of interest worldwide, as it has been shown to have applications in catalysis, energy conversion, microwave absorption and other fields. 48–51 For example, the optimal reflection loss (RL min ) was −53.8 dB at 11.2 GHz and the absorption bandwidth for the RL values less than −20 dB was 9.5 GHz for hydrogenated TiO 2 synthesized by the reduction of commercial P25 with NaBH 4 in an argon atmosphere by Pan et al 15…”

Recent progress in two dimensional Mxenes for photocatalysis: a critical review

“…MXene, first developed in 2011, is one of the most interesting classes of 2D nanomaterials and has been proposed for numerous applications including energy production [17][18][19][20][21][22], magnetic shielding effects [23][24][25][26], energy storage batteries [27][28][29][30][31][32] and capacitors [33][34][35][36], medical and biomedical applications [37][38][39][40][41][42], water splitting [43][44][45][46][47] and water/wastewater purification [1, [48][49][50]. In water purification, MXenes are being used in membrane fabrication, adsorption, and photocatalysis of organic contaminants [51][52][53][54][55]. The following factors account for the successful applications of MXenes in photocatalysis: (a) wet chemical etching results in surface functional group formation that make MXene surfaces negatively charged and results in the formation of stable dispersions [56].…”