Synthesis and characterization of M-fullerene/TiO2 photocatalysts designed for degradation azo dye

Meng, Zhen; Zhang, Fengjun; Zhu, Lihua; Park, Chong-Yeon; Ghosh, Trishs; Choi, Jong-Geun; Oh, Won‐Chun

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2012.05.048

Cited by 32 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…summarizes the meticulous comparative analysis of photodegradation efficiency and rate constant of all the four as synthesized TiO 2 composites (TG1, TG2, TR1, TR2), with as synthesized bare TiO 2 nanopowder and earlier reported 26 TiO 2 -Graphene composite for MB degradation, carbon nanotubes/TiO 2 nanotubes 15 and M-fullerene/TiO 2 for MO and MB degradation respectively17 . TheFigure 7clearly shows that the k value and photodegradation efficiency of our synthesized composites is high in comparison to earlier reported TiO 2 -Graphene composite even they have used UV light having high energy than visible light.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The wide band gap of a TiO 2 photocatalyst can be modied to extend its photoresponse into the visible region for degradation of organic dyes in several ways, including coupling with noble metals, [10][11][12] quantum dots, 13,14 non-metal doped semiconductors, 6 carbon nanotubes (CNTs) 15,16 and fullerenes. 17 Further, reports attest that such composite formations, 12,[18][19][20] especially with carbon materials can inhibit the electron-hole pair recombination, thereby enhancing the photocatalytic performance of TiO 2 . 15,[21][22][23] Among the various carbon nanostructures, graphene and its derivatives, GO and RGO have captured much attention, owing to their modied optoelectronic properties, high surface area, superior electron mobility, lower cost and easy chemical modication to change surface properties, which is favorable for composites fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A possible mechanism for the emergence of an additional band gap due to a Ti–O–C bond in the TiO₂–graphene hybrid system for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light

et al. 2014

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Efficient visible light photodegradation of Methylene blue using TiO 2 -graphene based composites has been reported. DFT calculations corroborate the mechanism for Ti-O-C bond formation, leading to an additional band edge and band gap tuning. AbstractHere we report experimental and theoretical study of two TiO 2 -graphene oxide (TG) and TiO 2 -reduced graphene oxide (TR) composites synthesized by a facile and ecological route, for enhanced visible light (~470nm) photocatalyc degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) (99% efficiency), with high rate constant value (1800% over bare TiO 2 ). TG couples TiO 2 nanopowder with Graphene Oxide (GO) while TR couples it with reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The present study, unlike previous reports, discusses never before reported double absorption edges obtained for both TG (3.51 eV and 2.51 eV) and TR (3.42 eV and 2.39 eV) composites, which marks the reason behind feasible visible light (2.56 eV) induced photocatalysis. TiO 2 domains in the composites dominate the higher band edge, while GO/RGO domains explain the lower band edge. Formation of Ti-O-C bond in both TG and TR drives the shifting up of the valence band edge and reduction in band gap. Further, these bonds provide a conductive pathway for charge carriers from TiO 2 nanopowder to the degrading species via the GO/RGO matrix, resulting in decreased charge carrier recombination in TiO 2 and enhanced efficiency.To attest that the developed theory is proof-positive, density function theory (DFT) calculations were performed. DFT obtained energetics and electronic structures support experimental findings by showcasing the play of Ti-O-C bond, resulting in double band edge phenomenon in composites.Finally, the mechanism behind MB degradation is discussed comprehensively and the effect of weight percent of GO/RGO in composite on rate constant and photodegradation efficiency has been studied experimentally and explained by developing analytical equations. 4 promising as it simultaneously possesses excellent absorptivity, transparency, conductivity and reachability, which could assist effective photodegradation of pollutants.There is a pool of reports showing the enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 nanoparticles with graphene composites for the degradation of organic molecules and photocatalytic splitting of water under UV light. 22, 28-38 Enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the synergetic effect between graphene and TiO 2 nanoparticles, because graphene acts as an excellent electron acceptor and transporter, the Ti-O-C bond open up an easy path for charge transfer which remarkably decreases the recombination of electron−hole pairs. 3 Although claiming good efficiency, many of these reports are based on usage of un-ecological UV light and suffer from low kinetics (k value). [28][29][30] Realizing the importance of efficient visible light photodegradation, there are few reportes which show enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 -GO/RGO composites under visible light. 39-42 The results and application part is...

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confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A possible mechanism for the emergence of an additional band gap due to a Ti–O–C bond in the TiO₂–graphene hybrid system for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light

et al. 2014

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“…Through the same method, a number of metal-treated fullerene/TiO 2 composites were prepared for photocatalytic application as well, such as Fe-C 60 /TiO 2 , V-C 60 /TiO 2 and Pd-C 60 /TiO 2 [ 96 , 97 ]. For instance, Meng, Zhang, Zhu, Park, Ghosh, Choi and Oh [ 76 ] fabricated M-fullerene/TiO 2 (M representing Pt, Y or Pd) composites to compare their photocatalytic efficiency. Among these samples, the Pd-fullerene/TiO 2 showed the best photocatalytic activity for MB decomposition under UV light, due to its better dispersion and larger BET surface over the Pt-fullerene/TiO 2 and Y-fullerene/TiO 2 .…”

Section: The Photocatalytic Application Of Fullerene/semiconductormentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Fullerene-Based Materials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Photocatalytic Applications

et al. 2020

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Solar light is an inexpensive energy source making up for energy shortage and solving serious environmental problems. For efficient utilization of solar energy, photocatalytic materials have attracted extensive attention over the last decades. As zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials, fullerenes (C60, C70, etc.) have been extensively investigated for photocatalytic applications. Due to their unique properties, fullerenes can be used with other semiconductors as photocatalyst enhancers, and also as novel photocatalysts after being dispersed on non-semiconductors. This review summarizes fullerene-based materials (including fullerene/semiconductors and fullerene/non-semiconductors) for photocatalytic applications, such as water splitting, Cr (VI) reduction, pollutant degradation and bacterial disinfection. Firstly, the optical and electronic properties of fullerene are presented. Then, recent advances in the synthesis and photocatalytic mechanisms of fullerene-based photocatalysts are summarized. Furthermore, the effective performances of fullerene-based photocatalysts are discussed, mainly concerning photocatalytic H2 generation and pollutant removal. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of fullerene-based photocatalysts are proposed. It is expected that this review could bring a better understanding of fullerene-based photocatalysts for water treatment and environmental protection.

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“…Furthermore, the excited electrons from the charge separation could be enriched and then stimulate the photoreduction of O 2 for •O 2 − active species. The •O 2 − radical production could activate many organic reactions [7,28]. Therefore, the composites based on C60 and the metal oxides semiconductor have potential applications in the organic photooxidation reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Photocatalytic Coupling of Benzylamine to N-Benzylidene Benzylamine over the Organic–Inorganic Composites F70-TiO2 Based on Fullerenes Derivatives and TiO2

Guo

et al. 2023

Molecules

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The organic–inorganic composites F70-TiO2, based on fullerene with carboxyl group derivatives and TiO2 semiconductor, have been designed and constructed to become an optical-functional photocatalyst via the facile sol–gel method. The composite photocatalyst obtained shows excellent photocatalytic activity for the high-efficiency conversion of benzylamine (BA) to N-benzylidene benzylamine (NBBA) with air pressure at a normal temperature under visible light irradiation. By optimizing the composition, the composites with the 1:15 mass ratio of F70 and TiO2, denoted as F70-TiO2(1:15), demonstrated the highest reaction efficiency for benzylamine (>98% conversion) to N-benzylidene benzylamine (>93% selectivity) in this study. However, pure TiO2 and fullerene derivatives (F70) exhibit decreased conversion (56.3% and 89.7%, respectively) and selectivity (83.8% and 86.0%, respectively). The UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) and Mott–Schottky experiment’s results indicate that the introduction of fullerene derivatives into anatase TiO2 would greatly broaden the visible light response range and adjust the energy band positions of the composites, enhancing the sunlight utilization and promoting the photogenerated charge (e−-h+) separation and transfer. Specifically, a series of results on the in situ EPR tests and the photo-electrophysical experiment indicate that the separated charges from the hybrid could effectively activate benzylamine and O2 to accelerate the formation of active intermediates, and then couple with free BA molecules to form the desired production of N-BBA. The effective combination, on a molecular scale, between fullerene and titanium dioxide has provided a profound understanding of the photocatalysis mechanism. This work elaborates and makes clear the relationship between the structure and the performance of functional photocatalysts.

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Synthesis and characterization of M-fullerene/TiO2 photocatalysts designed for degradation azo dye

Cited by 32 publications

References 34 publications

A possible mechanism for the emergence of an additional band gap due to a Ti–O–C bond in the TiO₂–graphene hybrid system for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light

A possible mechanism for the emergence of an additional band gap due to a Ti–O–C bond in the TiO₂–graphene hybrid system for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light

Recent Progress on Fullerene-Based Materials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Photocatalytic Applications

Enhanced Photocatalytic Coupling of Benzylamine to N-Benzylidene Benzylamine over the Organic–Inorganic Composites F70-TiO2 Based on Fullerenes Derivatives and TiO2

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Synthesis and characterization of M-fullerene/TiO2 photocatalysts designed for degradation azo dye

Cited by 32 publications

References 34 publications

A possible mechanism for the emergence of an additional band gap due to a Ti–O–C bond in the TiO2–graphene hybrid system for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light

A possible mechanism for the emergence of an additional band gap due to a Ti–O–C bond in the TiO2–graphene hybrid system for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light

Recent Progress on Fullerene-Based Materials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Photocatalytic Applications

Enhanced Photocatalytic Coupling of Benzylamine to N-Benzylidene Benzylamine over the Organic–Inorganic Composites F70-TiO2 Based on Fullerenes Derivatives and TiO2

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A possible mechanism for the emergence of an additional band gap due to a Ti–O–C bond in the TiO₂–graphene hybrid system for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light

A possible mechanism for the emergence of an additional band gap due to a Ti–O–C bond in the TiO₂–graphene hybrid system for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light