Synthesis and characterization of iron oxide-commercial activated carbon nanocomposite for removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) ions and Mordant Violet 40 (MV40) dye

Abstract

Iron Oxide-commercial activated carbon nanocomposite (CAC-IO) was prepared from commercial activated carbon (CAC) by the co-precipitation method, and the resulting nanocomposite was used as an adsorbent to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) ions and Mordant Violet 40 (MV40) dye from wastewater. The produced materials (CAC, CAC after oxidation, and CAC-IO) were comparatively characterized using FTIR, BET, SEM, EDX TEM, VSM, and XRD techniques. The adsorption mechanism of Cr6+ ions and MV40 dye on CAC-IO was examined using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.. Different models were applied to know the adsorption mechanism and it was obtained that Pseudo-second order fits the experimental data better. This means that the adsorption of the adsorbate on the nanocomposite was chemisorption. The maximum removal percent of Cr6+ ions by CAC-IO nanocomposite was 98.6% determined as 2 g L–1 adsorbent concentration, 100 mg L–1 initial pollutant concentration, solution pH = 1.6, the contact time was 3 h and the temperature was room temperature. The maximum removal percentage of Mordant Violet 40 dye (C.I. 14,745) from its solutions by CAC-IO nanocomposite was 99.92% in 100 mg L–1 of initial dye concentrations, 1.0 g L–1 of adsorbent concentration, solution pH = 2.07, the contact time was 3 h. The MV40 dye adsorption on CAC-IO was the most fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity was calculated according to the Langmuir model as 833.3 mg g–1 at 2 g L–1 of adsorbent concentration and 400 mg L–1 of initial MV40 dye concentration. The Cr6+ ions adsorption on CAC-IO was more fitted to the Freundlich model with Qmax, equal to 312.50 mg g–1 at 1 g L–1 adsorbent concentration and 400 mg L–1 of Cr6+ ions initial concentrations.

Optimum phosphate ion removal from aqueous solutions using roller kiln industrial solid waste

“…Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) (JEM-1400Flash, JEOL Solutions for Innovation Company, USA) was used to illustrate clearly the morphology of the RK solid waste into scaling approaching 1 nm 24 . An Empyrean—Malvern Analytical—Netherland diffractometer with Ni-filtered Cu k radiation (40 kV, 30 mA, = 1.5406°A) was used to perform X-ray diffraction (XRD) on RK solid waste to illustrate its purity and degree of crystallinity 25 . The samples were analyzed using an XRD over a range of 5.009°–99.987°.…”

“…The samples were analyzed using an XRD over a range of 5.009°–99.987°. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis (Vertex 70 RAM II, Germany) was used to record the surface functional groups of RK solid waste 25 . The surface charge of the RK industrial solid waste was detected using dynamic light scattering instrument (ZetaSizer Nano Series (HT), Nano ZS, Malvern Instruments, UK) 26 , 27 .…”

Mesoporous magnetic biochar derived from common reed (Phragmites australis) for rapid and efficient removal of methylene blue from aqueous media

“…Yang et al prepared Fe 3 O 4 /carbon nanotube composite by co-precipitation method for removal of Cu 2+ from aqueous media (Yang et al 2018 ). In a recent study, commercial active carbon was fabricated by Fe 3 O 4 for removal of Cr 6+ and Mordant Violet 40 (Mohamed et al 2024 ). Fe 3 O 4 /vine shoot-derived activated carbon nanocomposite was employed to remove Cr 6+ from effluent (Mohamed et al 2024 ).…”

“…In a recent study, commercial active carbon was fabricated by Fe 3 O 4 for removal of Cr 6+ and Mordant Violet 40 (Mohamed et al 2024 ). Fe 3 O 4 /vine shoot-derived activated carbon nanocomposite was employed to remove Cr 6+ from effluent (Mohamed et al 2024 ).…”