Synthesis and characterization of covalently immobilized bis-crown ether based potassium ionophore

Bereczki, Róbert; Gyurcsányi, Róbert E.; Ágai, Béla; Tóth, Klára

doi:10.1039/b410410b

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…In order to improve the robustness of ISEs, researchers have developed a variety of strategies, such as increasing the lipophilicity 2 International Journal of Electrochemistry of ionophores by adding long alkyl groups and by immobilizing the ionophore within the ion-selective membrane [4]. Several approaches have been used to immobilize ionophores, including copolymerizing the ionophore with comonomers to produce the principal polymer matrix [5][6][7][8][9], covalently attaching the ionophore to modified PVC [10,11], and blending polymer-grafted ionophore with a traditional plasticized PVC matrix [6,12,13]. In addition to improving sensor longevity, ionophore immobilization has also resulted in other apparent advantages, such as improved lower detection limits [13], and elimination of dimer formation within ion-selective membranes based on metalloporphyrins [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiometric Response Characteristics of Membrane-BasedCs+-Selective Electrodes Containing Ionophore-Functionalized Polymeric Microspheres

Peper

Gonczy

2011

International Journal of Electrochemistry

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Cs + -selective solvent polymeric membrane-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) were developed by doping ethylene glycolfunctionalized cross-linked polystyrene microspheres (P-EG) into a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix containing sodium tetrakis-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) borate (TFPB) as the ion exchanger. A systematic study examining the effects of the membrane plasticizers bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (DOS), 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE), and 2-fluorophenyl nitrophenyl ether (FPNPE) on the potentiometric response and selectivity of the corresponding electrodes was performed. Under certain conditions, P-EG-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) containing TFPB and plasticized with NPOE exhibited a super-Nernstian response between 1 × 10 −3 and 1 × 10 −4 M Cs + , a response characteristic not observed in analogous membranes plasticized with either DOS or FPNPE. Additionally, the performance of P-EG-based ISEs was compared to electrodes based on two mobile ionophores, a neutral lipophilic ethylene glycol derivative (ethylene glycol monooctadecyl ether (U-EG)) and a charged metallacarborane ionophore, sodium bis(dicarbollyl)cobaltate(III) (CC). In general, P-EG-based electrodes plasticized with FPNPE yielded the best performance, with a linear range from 10 −1 -10 −5 M Cs + , a conventional lower detection limit of 8.1 × 10 −6 M Cs + , and a response slope of 57.7 mV/decade. The pH response of P-EG ISEs containing TFPB was evaluated for membranes plasticized with either NPOE or FPNPE. In both cases, the electrodes remained stable throughout the pH range 3-12, with only slight proton interference observed below pH 3.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiometric Response Characteristics of Membrane-BasedCs+-Selective Electrodes Containing Ionophore-Functionalized Polymeric Microspheres

Peper

Gonczy

2011

International Journal of Electrochemistry

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“…In a recent publication we described a novel potassium selective electrode with covalently attached bis-crown ether-based ionophore (see PVC-BR 0297 in Scheme 1) [18]. The new electrode was aimed for in vivo applications and the ionophore has been anchored to the PVC matrix primarily for extending the operational life time of the sensor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The K þ selective ionophore BR 0297 and copolymer PVC-BR 0297 were synthesized as described in the literature [10,11]. The chemical structures of the K þ selective ionophores BR 0297 and PVC-BR 0297 are summarized in Scheme 1.…”

Section: Reagents and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple, Single Step Potential Difference Measurement for the Determination of the Ultimate Detection Limit of Ion Selective Electrodes

et al. 2006

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A single step measurement is proposed for evaluating the ultimate detection limit of ion selective electrodes. The essence of the method is the calculation of the detection limit from a potential difference measured across a membrane in equilibrium with deionized water when it is challenged with a relatively concentrated primary or interfering ion solution on one of its sides. It is aimed for fast screening of novel ionophore candidates and for reexamining existing ones to sort out those which are adequate for selective, subnanomolar analysis. The feasibility and the practical usefulness of the method is demonstrated upon the characterization potassium ion-selective electrodes with novel, and well-known ionophores. The proposed potential difference-based method is coupled to subsequent exponential dilutions for the determination the response slopes, selectivity coefficients and detection limits of the tested electrodes. This combination of electrode testing protocols provides full characterization of the studied electrodes and a back to back comparison of the indirectly calculated and directly measured detection limits. The calibration of the electrodes in dilute solutions revealed the superior dynamic response properties of the electrodes with the covalently anchored ionophore in submicromolar concentrations.

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“…parallel with the direction of diffusion. In our setting, the separation line appeared in the middle of the spectral image (42). The system has been programmed to record complete spectra from 400 to 800 nm in equidistant time intervals and the absorbance values measured at the wavelength of the absorbance maximum were plotted as a function of distance in the direction of the diffusion.…”

Section: Imaging Of Ion Transport In Cation-selective Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multispectral imaging of ion transport in neutral carrier‐based cation‐selective membranes

Gyurcsányi¹,

Lindner²

2006

Cytometry Pt A

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Background:High‐resolution spectroscopic imaging of the cross section of ion‐selective membranes during real‐time electrochemical measurements is termed spectroelectrochemical microscopy (SpECM). SpECM is aimed for optimizing the experimental conditions in mass transport controlled ion‐selective electrode (ISE) membranes for improved detection limit.Methods:The SpECM measurements are performed in a thin layer electrochemical cell. The key element of the cell is a membrane strip spacer ring assembly which forms a two compartment electrochemical cell. The cell is placed onto the stage of a microscope and the membrane strip is positioned in the center of the field of view. A slice of the image is focused onto the entrance slit of the imaging spectrometer.Results:SpECM has been used for the determination of the diffusion coefficients of different membrane ingredients and for the quantitative assessment of the charged site concentrations in ISE membranes and membrane plasticizers. In addition, changes in the concentration profiles of the ionophore (free and complexed) and charged mobile sites inside the ISE membranes are documented upon the application of large external voltages.Conclusions:This account demonstrates the power and advantages of SpECM, a multispectral imaging method for investigations of mass transport processes in ISE membranes during electrochemical measurements. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology

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Synthesis and characterization of covalently immobilized bis-crown ether based potassium ionophore

Cited by 40 publications

References 37 publications

Potentiometric Response Characteristics of Membrane-BasedCs+-Selective Electrodes Containing Ionophore-Functionalized Polymeric Microspheres

Potentiometric Response Characteristics of Membrane-BasedCs+-Selective Electrodes Containing Ionophore-Functionalized Polymeric Microspheres

Simple, Single Step Potential Difference Measurement for the Determination of the Ultimate Detection Limit of Ion Selective Electrodes

Multispectral imaging of ion transport in neutral carrier‐based cation‐selective membranes

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