Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Impregnated Mesoporous Carbon as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Phenylacetylene Carboxylation with Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a compound that can potentially be used as a carbon source in the synthesis of fine chemicals. However, the utilization of CO2 is still constrained due to its inert and stable nature. Therefore, the presence of a catalyst is needed in CO2 conversion. This study aims to synthesize copper impregnated mesoporous carbon (Cu/MC) as a catalyst for phenylacetylene carboxylation reaction with CO2 to produce phenylpropiolic acid. The synthesis of mesoporous carbon was performed via the soft template method. The as-synthesized Cu/MC material was characterized by FTIR, SAA, XRD, and SEM-EDX. BET surface area analysis of mesoporous carbon showed that the material has a high surface area of 405.8 m2/g with an average pore diameter of 7.2 nm. XRD pattern of Cu/MC indicates that Cu has been successfully impregnated in the form of Cu(0) and Cu(I). Phenylacetylene carboxylation reaction with CO2 was carried out by varying reaction temperatures (25, 50, and 75 °C), amount of catalyst (28.6, 57.2, and 85.8 mg), type of base (Cs2CO3, K2CO3, and Na2CO3), and variation of support. The reaction mixtures were analyzed by HPLC and showed that the highest phenylacetylene conversion of 41% was obtained for the reaction at 75 °C using Cs2CO3 as a base.

Selective hydrogenation of diphenylacethylene using NiCo nanoparticles supported on mesoporous carbon as catalyst

“…This is because the nickel was impregnated not only inside the pore but also on the surface of the mesoporous carbon and formed an aggregate outside the pore, thereby increasing the surface area of the Ni/MC catalyst. This is similar to what we have observed in the impregnation of porous carbon with copper [19]. The pore diameter of MC is relatively the same after Niimpregnation, indicating that the impregnation process did not change the pore structure of the mesoporous carbon.…”

“…Mesoporous carbon is also non-toxic, non-corrosive, environmentally friendly, and can be used repeatedly [15]. Previously, we have reported the utilization of mesoporous carbon as a solid support for various nickel species [16][17][18], bimetallic nickel-zinc [9], and copper [19]. In this report, we present the use of bimetallic NiCo supported on mesoporous carbon (NiCo/MC) as a catalyst in selective hydrogenation reaction of diphenylacethylene to cis-stilbene with NaBH4 as a hydrogen source/reducing agent.…”

Nickel-phenanthroline Complex Supported on Mesoporous Carbon as a Catalyst for Carboxylation under CO2 Atmosphere

“…The carboxylation reaction was conducted in a glass reactor connected to a CO2 gas balloon. The procedure adopted previously reported method [15,17]. To the reactor was added 0.0654 g Zn powder, 0.1841 MgBr2, 0.011 g Niphen/MC as a catalyst, 4 mL DMF as a solvent and 0.112 mL phenylacetylene as the substrate.…”