Synthesis and characterization of cerium oxide nanoparticles using different solvents for electrochemical applications

Synthesis and characterization of nanoceria for electrochemical sensing applications

“… 76 Sol–gel method uses different solvents such as water, acetone, ethanol, and ethylene glycols, with cerium( iii ) nitrate hexahydrate, where ammonium hydroxide is used as precursors. 77 …”

Is the Brus Equation Correct?

“…In order to compare the reported data with the Brus equation, the equation can be calculated and expressed as a dotted line, as shown in Figure 1. In addition, the data with hydrothermal method obtained in here and from literatures with precipitation method [1,[5][6][7][8] and sol-gel method [3] were also presented in this Figure 1. The particle sizes for the two runs in here were found to be 11.06nm and 8.05nm, for 100 ℃ and 150 ℃, respectively.…”

“…It has a face-centered cubic structure with a high melting point (2400-2700 ℃) and possesses remarkable properties such as the number of effective redox Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ sites and their ability to exchange oxygen [1]. Therefore, it has good optical properties, thermal stability and electrical conductivity, and oxygen storage function [2,3]. For instance, the optical property of UV-vis spectroscopy for the CeO 2 nanoparticles exhibits a blue shift with respect to the bulk material due to quantum confinement, which have two limiting case, depending on the ratio of the crystallite radius to the effective Bohr radius of the electron-hole pair [4].…”

“…Through a plot of α(hν) versus hν, the energy gap can be determined. The energy gaps of cerium oxide were found to be 3.26eV(380nm) and 3.22eV(385nm) [1], while the energy gaps for different solvents [3] were 3.44eV(361nm), 3.22eV(386nm), 3.45eV(361nm) and 3.2eV(388nm) for water, acetone, ethanol, and ethylene glycol, respectively.…”

Crystal Sizes and Energy Gaps of Cerium Oxide Using Co-Precipitation Method

“…The antioxidant activities are dependent on the method of synthesis. However, several methods have been reported in the literature, such as the co-precipitation method [2] [9], hydrothermal method [10], sonochemical method [11] [12], sol-gel method [5], micro-emulsion method, and spray-pyrolysis method [13]. Using different cerium ions sources, Hsu et al [14] prepared cerium oxide by the precipitation method and found that the pH value affected the particle morphology.…”