Synthesis and characterization of bundle-shaped ZSM-22 zeolite via the oriented fusion of nanorods and its enhanced isomerization performance

Chen, Zhiqiang; Liu, Suyao; Wang, Honghao; Ning, Qian; Zhang, Huaike; Yun, Yifeng; Ren, Jie; Li, Yongwang

doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2018.02.019

Cited by 55 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In addition, the acidity of zeolites can be suppressed by the addition of basic elements into the structure; e.g., Ba [12], Mg [13], Fe [29], and coating zeolite with alumina [38]. The location of aluminum and its acidity is also crucial, namely if it is present on external and internal zeolite surfaces [36]. One example of using different Si/Al ratios in Pt-H-Beta catalysts was demonstrated in hexadecane hydroisomerization at 220 • C under 30 bar hydrogen [16].…”

Section: Effect Of Acidity and Metal Dispersion In Bifunctional Metal Supported Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composite materials and hierarchical zeolites have been prepared in order to increase the mass transfer inside zeolites. Several methods exist for preparation of hierarchical zeolites, such as dual templating [25,36], desilication via alkali treatment [35], dealumination via acid treatment [25], and synthesis of composite materials such as intergrowth micro/mesoporous ZSM-22/ZSM-23 (Table 3) [27]. Agglomeration of zeolites can be suppressed via their alumination, which was performed in [9,10].…”

Section: Composite Materials and Hierarchical Zeolites In Hydroisomerization Of Long-chain Alkanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another option to enhance the aluminum presence on the external zeolite (ZSM-22) surface, is to use ethanol as a co-solvent in hydrothermal zeolite synthesis [36], leading to the formation of ZSM-22 nano-bundles. These particles exhibited, according to 27 Al 2D 3Q MAS NMR, more aluminum that was located on the T1, T2, and T3 sites than a conventional ZSM-22.…”

Section: Composite Materials and Hierarchical Zeolites In Hydroisomerization Of Long-chain Alkanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, a lower reaction temperature is beneficial for maximizing the selectivity towards isomers. Pt catalysts used in hydroisomerization have been supported on H-Beta [9], HY [17], MCM-41 [45], MCM-48 [24], ZSM-12 [12], ZSM-23 [19,23,27], ZSM-22 [19,21,22,27,28,32,35,36], ZSM-35 [19], ZSM-48 [19], intergrown ZSM-22/ZSM-23 [27], IZM-2 [39], sulphated ZrO 2 [50], γ-Al 2 O 3 [51], Pt-γ-Al 2 O 3 -H-Beta [10], SAPO-11 [14,25,33,34], MFI nanosheet [44]. There are only a few publications applying other metals than Pt, such as Pd supported on SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 [18], Fe-ZSM-22 [29], Ni 2 P-SAPO-11 [26], Ni-SAPO-11 [26], Ni-Mo-SAPO-11 [20], Ni-Cu-SAPO-11 [30].…”

Section: Effect Of Metalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Hydroisomerization of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons for the Production of Fuels

et al. 2018

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Hydroisomerization of long chain paraffins for the production of branched alkanes has recently been intensively studied due to a large availability of these compounds. The most interesting research topics have been the development of novel bifunctional catalysts to maximize the yield of isomers and to suppress the cracking reactions. Since both of these reactions are catalyzed by Brønsted acid sites, the optimum catalyst exhibits equal amounts of metal and acid sites, and it facilitates rapid mass transfer. Thus, several hierarchical and nano-shaped zeolites have been developed, in addition to composite catalysts containing both micro- and mesoporous phases. In addition to catalyst development, the effect of the reactant structure, optimal reaction conditions, catalyst stability and comparison of batch vs continuous operations have been made.

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Section: Effect Of Acidity and Metal Dispersion In Bifunctional Metal Supported Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Composite Materials and Hierarchical Zeolites In Hydroisomerization Of Long-chain Alkanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Composite Materials and Hierarchical Zeolites In Hydroisomerization Of Long-chain Alkanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Metalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Hydroisomerization of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons for the Production of Fuels

et al. 2018

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“…The SEM images of as-prepared samples are shown in Figure , and the one for pristine ZSM-22 is shown in Figure S1. It has been found that the morphology of raw ZSM-22 may have a significant effect on alkali treatment. , In the present work, this effect can be removed by using a same needle shaped pristine ZSM-22 with a length between 400 to 800 nm and a width below 100 nm, as shown in Figure S1. For AT samples, more crystal fragments were generated by alkali treatment with the increase of the precalcination temperature.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

n-Dodecane Hydroisomerization over Hierarchical ZSM-22 Prepared by a Dual-Protected Alkali Treatment

Wang

Zhang

Wang

2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In this work, a series of hierarchical ZSM-22 zeolites are prepared by a dual-protected alkali treatment route in the presence of microporous and mesoporous templates. The pore structure and acidity of hierarchical ZSM-22 zeolites are tailored by partial detemplation and addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), which are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma, N2 adsorption–desorption, temperature-programmed desorption of NH3, Py-IR, Lu-IR, and 27Al magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. The retained microporous templates after partial detemplation keep the ZSM-22 rod-like morphology in the alkali treatment. CTAB effectively introduces uniform mesoporosity centered at ca. 3.2 nm. As a result, as-prepared hierarchical ZSM-22 (430ATC) contains a large amount of small mesopores and pore-mouths, and higher desilication efficiency is achieved. After loading 0.5 wt % Pt, this hierarchical ZSM-22 supported platinum catalyst (Pt/430ATC) shows high performance in the hydroisomerization of n-dodecane compared with a conventional alkali treated sample, and a maximum isomer yield of 73.4% is achieved.

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Simultaneous Conversion of C₅ and C₆ Sugars into Methyl Levulinate with the Addition of 1,3,5‐Trioxane

et al. 2019

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The simultaneous conversion of C 5 andC 6 mixed sugarsi nto methyl levulinate (MLE) has emerged as av ersatile strategy to eliminate costly separation steps. However,t he traditional upgradingo fC 5 sugars into MLE is very complex as it requires both acid-catalyzed and hydrogenation processes. This study concerns the development of ao ne-pot,h ydrogenation-free conversion of C 5 sugarsi nto MLE over different acid catalysts at near-critical methanolconditions with the help of 1,3,5-trioxane. For the conversion of C 5 sugars over zeolites without the addition of 1,3,5-trioxane, the MLE yield is quite low,o wing to low hydrogenation activity.T he addition of 1,3,5-trioxanes ignificantly boosts the MLE yield by providing an alternative conversion pathway that does not include the hydrogenation step. Ad irectc omparison of the catalytic performance of five differentz eolitesr eveals that Hb zeolite,w hichh as high densities of both Lewis and Brønsted acid sites, affords the highest MLE yield. With the addition of 1,3,5-trioxane, the hydroxymethylation of furfural derivativea nd formaldehyde is ak ey step. Notably,t he simultaneous conversion of C 5 and C 6 sugars catalyzed by Hb zeolite can attain an MLE yield as high as 50.4 %w hen the reaction conditions are fully optimized. Moreover,t he Hb zeolite catalystc an be reused at least five times withoutsignificant change in performance.Lignocellulosic biomass,a st he mosta bundant carbon-containing organic resource, can be depolymerized and hydrolyzed into C 5 and C 6 sugars. [1] These mixed sugars are difficult to separate, owing to their many similarities and lack of fixed boiling points. [2] An efficient approach is to convert them into volatile chemicals, such as C 5 -derived furfural (FAL) and C 6 -derived 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF). [3] However,t he resultant prod-ucts of these conversion processes are usually different, leading to the occurrenceo fs ome costly separation processes. [1a] To avoid this situation, the simultaneous conversion of C 5 and C 6 sugars into the same platform chemical by furtherc onverting FALa nd HMFr epresents ap romising solution. [3e, 4] Brønsted acid (B acid) sites have been identified as the main active site for the production of FALa nd HMF from the hydrolysis of sugars;H MF can be easily converted into methyll evulinate (MLE). [5] The traditional upgrading of hemicellulose-derived C 5 sugars to MLE is very complex. [3e] This multistep conversion includes the hydrogenation of FALinto furfuryl alcohol (FOL) in addition to acid-catalyzed alcoholysis (Scheme 1, blue arrows). [6] The hydrogenation process, in particular,r equires high-pressure H 2 , hydrogenation-active sites, and other harsh reaction conditions that hinder the effectiveness of the conversion. [7] Established one-pot productions trategiesf or the conversion of C 5 sugars into MLE have shown only limited success. Hu et al.,f or example, reported ao ne-pot synthesis of MLE from xylose at 7MPa H 2 pressure over Amberlyst 70 (acid) and Pd/Al 2 O 3 (hydrogenat...

show abstract

Synthesis and characterization of bundle-shaped ZSM-22 zeolite via the oriented fusion of nanorods and its enhanced isomerization performance

Cited by 55 publications

References 57 publications

Catalytic Hydroisomerization of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons for the Production of Fuels

Catalytic Hydroisomerization of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons for the Production of Fuels

n-Dodecane Hydroisomerization over Hierarchical ZSM-22 Prepared by a Dual-Protected Alkali Treatment

Simultaneous Conversion of C₅ and C₆ Sugars into Methyl Levulinate with the Addition of 1,3,5‐Trioxane

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Synthesis and characterization of bundle-shaped ZSM-22 zeolite via the oriented fusion of nanorods and its enhanced isomerization performance

Cited by 55 publications

References 57 publications

Catalytic Hydroisomerization of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons for the Production of Fuels

Catalytic Hydroisomerization of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons for the Production of Fuels

n-Dodecane Hydroisomerization over Hierarchical ZSM-22 Prepared by a Dual-Protected Alkali Treatment

Simultaneous Conversion of C5 and C6 Sugars into Methyl Levulinate with the Addition of 1,3,5‐Trioxane

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Product

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Simultaneous Conversion of C₅ and C₆ Sugars into Methyl Levulinate with the Addition of 1,3,5‐Trioxane