Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Polymer – Used as a Pour Point Depressant for Lubricating Oil

Ghosh, Pranab; Das, Tapan Kumar; Nandi, Debabrata; Karmakar, Gourab; Mandal, Amit Kumar

doi:10.1080/00914037.2010.504156

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the disc diffusion method, biodegradation was tested against different fungal pathogens, namely Colletotrichum camelliae (CC), Fusarium equiseti (FE), Alternaria alternata (AA), and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (CG) [49]. In this method, 1.5 g of each of the polymer samples was incubated in a bacteriological incubator apparatus at 37 • C for 30 days.…”

Section: Disc Diffusion (Dd) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The homopolymer of sunflower oil (SFO) and its copolymerization with different mass fractions (5% and 10%) of methyl methacrylate (MMA), decyl acrylate (DA), and styrene have been carried out using the free radical technique [49]. Their characterization and performance evaluation as a pour point depressant in base oils have been investigated.…”

Section: Polymers Of Sunflower Oil/derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Short Review on Polymeric Biomaterials as Additives for Lubricants

et al. 2021

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With increasing environmental concerns and the depletion of petroleum resources, the development of lubricant additives from bioresources has attracted much attention recently. In this review, we reported a few polymers and polymer composites that are synthesized from vegetable oils (soybean oil, sunflower oil, rice bran oil, and castor oil) and used as multifunctional additives in the formulation of eco-friendly lubricant compositions. We mentioned the preparation of vegetable oil-based homo- and copolymers and their characterization by different spectral techniques (FTIR/NMR). The average molecular weights of the polymers are determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Performance evaluations of the polymeric materials mainly as a viscosity index improver (VII), pour point depressant (PPD), and most importantly antifriction additives when blended with lubricating base oils are indicated. Standard ASTM methods have been applied to evaluate their performances. The findings have shown that all the additives discussed are non-toxic, biodegradable, and showed excellent performances compared to commercial petroleum-based additives.

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Section: Disc Diffusion (Dd) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polymers Of Sunflower Oil/derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Short Review on Polymeric Biomaterials as Additives for Lubricants

et al. 2021

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“…The date in Tables 2, show the lube oils which have PPD are exhibiting a lower pour point more than that without PPD at different doses ranging from 1000 to 10000 ppm. The effectiveness of a pour point depressant depends on the chemical composition and structural characteristics of the polymer and the length of the alkyl side chain [16,17].…”

Section: Pour Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Evaluation of Multifunction Co-Polymer as Lubricating Oils Additives

Hi¹

2018

PPEJ

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α-Olefin derivatives are one of a variety of techniques have been employed in order to reduce problems caused by the crystallization of paraffin during the production and/or transportation and improved of properties of petroleum oils and derivatives. Addition of chemical modifications has been proved to be an efficient way for improving properties of lube oils. This article describes synthesis, characterization and performance evaluation of copolymers, having as an initial step the synthesis of the alkyl methacrylate monomers by esterification of methacrylic acid (MA) with C16 fatty alcohol. The alkyl methacrylate monomer was polymerized with α-olefin C16 (1-Hexadecene) to give copolymer then reacted with vinyl acetate monomer to give finally graft copolymer. The prepared graft copolymer was characterized by FT-IR, 1 HNMR spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and use to improving the properties of different types (high and low viscositys) of Egyptian lubricating oils. Lubricating oils with different concentrations of graft copolymer (1000, 3000, 5000 and 10000 ppm) were investigated by pour point depressant (PPD), viscosity index (VI) and rheological measurements (RM). The lubricants formulated with chemically modified exhibit a large reduction in the pour point temperatures, good rheological behaviors and better friction and wear properties. Oil samples containing 5000 ppm of the graft copolymer show-18 C reductions in their pour points and give good performances properties for this lube oils, thus establishing the large efficiency of the products synthesized in this work.

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“…The use of vegetable oil based additives in eco-friendly lubricant formulation is well reported earlier. [25][26][27][28][29] Vegetable oils like sunflower oil, [29] soybean oil, [28] castor oil [30] etc. based polymers were reported to use as VI, PPD, AW additives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Eco‐Friendly Multifunctional Lube Oil Additives: Synthesis, Characterization and Performance Evaluation

Dey

Ghosh

2021

ChemistrySelect

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Homo polymer of dodecyl acrylate (DDA) and its copolymers with citral at different percentage composition (w/w) were synthesized by free radical polymerization method. The characterization of all the polymers was carried out through FTIR, NMR and GPC (gel permeation chromatography) analysis. The performance of all the prepared polymers as viscosity index improver (VII), pour point depressant (PPD) and antiwear (AW) additive in two different base oils (BO1 and BO2) were evaluated by standard ASTM methods. The results showed that all the polymers are good as VII, AW and PPD additives. AW and PPD properties of copolymers are better compared to homopolymer. Out of the three additive properties, PPD properties of copolymer (P-2) was remarkably improved upto À 26°C for at 1 % (w/w) in base oil compared to homopolymer of dodecyl acrylate (À 18°C at 1 % w/w) as confirmed by photo micrographic analysis. The thermal stability of the polymers was determined by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The stability against thermal degradation increases with increasing citral content in the acrylate backbone. Moreover the copolymers were eco-friendly which was confirmed by biodegradability test (Disc Diffusion and Soil Burial Test method).

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Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Polymer – Used as a Pour Point Depressant for Lubricating Oil

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

A Short Review on Polymeric Biomaterials as Additives for Lubricants

A Short Review on Polymeric Biomaterials as Additives for Lubricants

Synthesis and Evaluation of Multifunction Co-Polymer as Lubricating Oils Additives

Potential Eco‐Friendly Multifunctional Lube Oil Additives: Synthesis, Characterization and Performance Evaluation

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