Synthesis and characterization of an Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 nanocatalyst and its application as an organic nanocatalyst for one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano[2,3-c]chromenes

Abstract

In this study, the recyclable heterogeneous cluster bud Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 ‘nanoflower’ composite (CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC) was successfully synthesized using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate monohydrate, and Fe3O4 nanoparticles by microwave irradiation. The as-prepared CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), vibrational sampling magnetometry (VSM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC samples proved to have excellent catalytic activity. The activity of the CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC nanocatalyst was explored in the synthesis of dihydropyrano[3, 2-c]chromene derivatives via a three-component reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin, malononitrile, and a wide range of aromatic aldehyde compounds. Optimized reaction conditions had several advantages, including the use of water as a green solvent, environmental compatibility, simple work-up, reusability of the catalyst, low catalyst loading, faster reaction time, and higher yields.

A review on sustainable iron oxide nanoparticles: syntheses and applications in organic catalysis and environmental remediation

“…Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) involve the simultaneous reaction of three or more reactants within a single vessel to produce a final product that incorporates features from all the reactive components. 264 3,4-Dihydropyrano[c]chromenes and its analogues are important building blocks in numerous areas including chemistry, biology and pharmacology; [265][266][267][268][269] representative compounds from this class display spasmolytic, diuretic, anti-cancer, anticoagulant, and anti-anaphylactic activities. 270,271 Additionally, they can be employed as a cognitive activator for the therapeutic interventions of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, etc.…”