Synthesis and Characterization of a Chitosan-Based Citric Acid-Crosslinked Encapsulant System

Agu, Anne Bernadette; Benablo, Precious Japheth L; Mesias, Vince St. Dollente; Penaloza, David P.

doi:10.4067/s0717-97072019000404610

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These indicate the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of the C=O bond in metal carboxylates, thereby confirming the chelation of metal ions by citric acid [31,44,46]. For the G-G gel, a characteristic peak was observed at 1725 cm −1 , which was not observed for G-W or G-E; this indicated the formation of the cross-linked polymer, and it is obvious that ethylene glycol was polymerized by cross-linking the ester through two carboxyl groups [47]. In comparison, it can be concluded that the ν a(COO)…”

Section: Mechanism Of Sol-gel Synthesismentioning

confidence: 81%

Unraveling the Mechanism and Practical Implications of the Sol-Gel Synthesis of Spinel LiMn2O4 as a Cathode Material for Li-Ion Batteries: Critical Effects of Cation Distribution at the Matrix Level

et al. 2023

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Spinel LiMn2O4 (LMO) is a state-of-the-art cathode material for Li-ion batteries. However, the operating voltage and battery life of spinel LMO needs to be improved for application in various modern technologies. Modifying the composition of the spinel LMO material alters its electronic structure, thereby increasing its operating voltage. Additionally, modifying the microstructure of the spinel LMO by controlling the size and distribution of the particles can improve its electrochemical properties. In this study, we elucidate the sol-gel synthesis mechanisms of two common types of sol-gels (modified and unmodified metal complexes)—chelate gel and organic polymeric gel—and investigate their structural and morphological properties and electrochemical performances. This study highlights that uniform distribution of cations during sol-gel formation is important for the growth of LMO crystals. Furthermore, a homogeneous multicomponent sol-gel, necessary to ensure that no conflicting morphologies and structures would degrade the electrochemical performances, can be obtained when the sol-gel has a polymer-like structure and uniformly bound ions; this can be achieved by using additional multifunctional reagents, namely cross-linkers.

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Section: Mechanism Of Sol-gel Synthesismentioning

confidence: 81%

Unraveling the Mechanism and Practical Implications of the Sol-Gel Synthesis of Spinel LiMn2O4 as a Cathode Material for Li-Ion Batteries: Critical Effects of Cation Distribution at the Matrix Level

et al. 2023

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“…It is important to state that CHI solution was used as solvent in the defibrillation step of cellulose, and this is known to produce stronger interaction compared to a simple mixing after defibrillation and a very well mixed film without concentrated spots is seen using this methodology [28]. However, no new peaks were seen around region 1700 cm −1 , which is a region reported by Agu et al of crosslinking confirmation by citric acid [13].…”

Section: Chi Blended With Nfcmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This study aims to analyse the effect of various films formed with CHI and blended with nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), using citric acid as a crosslinker that is known to produce an encapsulation ability for CHI; also, it could provide important mechanical properties and functional desirable outcomes [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocellulose for peripheral nerve regeneration in rabbits using citric acid as crosslinker with chitosan and freeze/thawed PVA

et al. 2021

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This work investigates peripheral nerve regeneration using membranes consisting of pure chitosan (CHI), which was further blended with nanofibrillated cellulose, with citric acid as crosslinker, with posterior addition of polyvinyl alcohol, with subsequent freeze thawing. Nanocellulose improves the mechanical and thermal resistance, as well as flexibility of the film, which is ideal for the surgical procedure. The hydrogel presented a slow rate of swelling, which is adequate for cell and drug delivery. A series of in vitro tests revealed to be non-toxic for neuronal Schwann cell from the peripheral nervous system of Rattus norvegicus, while there was a slight increase in toxicity if crosslink is performed—freeze-thaw. The in vivo results, using rabbits with a 5 mm gap nerve defect, revealed that even though pure CHI was able to regenerate the nerve, it did not present functional recovery with only the deep pain attribute being regenerated. When autologous implant was used jointly with the biomaterial membrane, as a covering agent, it revealed a functional recovery within 15 d when cellulose and the hydrogel were introduced, which was attributed to the film charge interaction that may help influence the neuronal axons growth into correct locations. Thus, indicating that this system presents ideal regeneration as nerve conduits.

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“…3). The peaks obtained at 1730 cm -1 is corresponding to the C=O of ester linkage [15]. After loading of chlorpyrifos, some new interactions between biopolymeric nano-formulation and chlorpyrifos has been established, which resulted into slight shifting and splitting of peak corresponding to ester linkage from 1730 cm -1 to 1691 cm -1 .…”

Section: Ft-ir Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chlorpyrifos Release Kinetics from Citric Acid Crosslinked Biopolymeric Nanoparticles: A Sustainable Approach

MAAN,

JATRANA,

KUMAR

et al. 2023

ajc

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Biopolymer based nanoformulation was synthesized by using microwave assisted nano-precipitaion method. The biopolymers consist of chitosan and guar gum were crosslinked using citric acid in order to encapsulate chlorpyrifos pesticide. The successful synthesis of chlorpyrifos containing nano-formulations was thoroughly examined, where the surface morphology examined by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) has established the loading of chlorpyrifos in the biopolymeric matrix, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination revealed the spherical shaped particles of about 234 nm and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis has confirmed the crosslinking between two biopolymers through citric acid due to the presence of peaks corresponding to ester linkages at 1730 cm-1. The encapsulation efficiency of chlorpyrifos at pH 7 and 30 ºC was around 50%. The successfully synthesized chlorpyrifos loaded biopolymeric nano-formulation were further utilized to study the release behaviour of chlorpyrifos in water and biocompatibility towards soil microbiota. The release of chlorpyrifos was almost 15% slower than conventional chlorpyrifos and the formulation was found biocompatible towards microbiota.

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Synthesis and Characterization of a Chitosan-Based Citric Acid-Crosslinked Encapsulant System

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Unraveling the Mechanism and Practical Implications of the Sol-Gel Synthesis of Spinel LiMn2O4 as a Cathode Material for Li-Ion Batteries: Critical Effects of Cation Distribution at the Matrix Level

Unraveling the Mechanism and Practical Implications of the Sol-Gel Synthesis of Spinel LiMn2O4 as a Cathode Material for Li-Ion Batteries: Critical Effects of Cation Distribution at the Matrix Level

Nanocellulose for peripheral nerve regeneration in rabbits using citric acid as crosslinker with chitosan and freeze/thawed PVA

Chlorpyrifos Release Kinetics from Citric Acid Crosslinked Biopolymeric Nanoparticles: A Sustainable Approach

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