Synthesis and characterization of 2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate/2‐(3‐indol‐yl)ethylmethacrylamide‐based novel hydrogels as drug carrier with in vitro antibacterial properties

Abstract

In this study, a new cationic monomer 2‐(3‐indol‐yl)ethylmethacrylamide (IEMA) derived from tryptamine was synthesized in a single step and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR. Then, one‐step preparation of novel poly[2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate‐c‐2‐(3‐indol‐yl)ethylmethacrylamide], or p(HEMA‐c‐IEMA), copolymeric hydrogels has been performed successfully with IEMA and 2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) as monomers using free radical aqueous polymerization. The hydrogels were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, FTIR, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and texture profile analysis instruments. p(HEMA‐c‐IEMA) hydrogels were used for swelling, diffusion, drug release, and antibacterial activity studies. The drug‐release behavior of the hydrogels was determined as a function of time at 37 °C in pH 1.2 and 7.2. The swelling and drug‐release studies showed that an increased IEMA amount caused a higher increase in swelling and drug‐release values. Additionally, zero‐order, first‐order, and Higuchi equation kinetic models were applied to the drug‐release data, and the data fit well in the Higuchi model, and the Peppas power‐law model was applied to the release mechanism. Finally, the antibacterial activities of the hydrogels were screened against Gram‐positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45550.

Poloxamer 407/188 Binary Thermosensitive Gel as a Moxidectin Delivery System: In Vitro Release and In Vivo Evaluation

“…The release mechanism is further explained by the parameter n of the Korsmeyer–Peppas model. The value of n was 0.493, indicating the release of MXD occurs through a diffusive erosion style [ 22 ]. The calculated R 2 and AIC parameters corresponding to each model are shown in Table 2 .…”

“…There is insufficient motion to ensure water permeates into the interior of the polymer in the polymer chains. In other words, during the swelling of the gel, diffusion and erosion occur at the same time [ 22 ]. So, the release of MXD occurs through a diffusive erosion mechanism.…”

A degradable triple temperature‐, pH‐, and redox‐responsive drug system for cancer chemotherapy

“…[21][22][23] The 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) is broadly used in biomedical applications due to its good biocompatibility. 24,25 Disulfide bonds can be cleaved by reducing reagents, such as glutathione (GSH), in tumor tissues. [25][26][27][28] The N,N 0 -bis(acryloyl)cystamine (BACy) which contains disulfide bond can introduce the additional reduction responsiveness to the drug delivery system for accelerating drug release triggered by high level of the reducing agent at the tumor tissues.…”

“…Poly ( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) is one of the most extensively studied thermosensitive materials used to prepare temperature sensitive NPs and nanogels due to its volume phase transition property around the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) . The 2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) is broadly used in biomedical applications due to its good biocompatibility . Disulfide bonds can be cleaved by reducing reagents, such as glutathione (GSH), in tumor tissues .…”

Adsoption of Cationic Dye on Anionic Hydrogel and Its Second Use for Drug Delivery with Antibacterial Properties

“…The hydrogels derived from AMPS, exhibit swelling behavior depending on pH. Therefore, high swelling capacity and waterabsorbing when AMPS is presented to a hydrogel are also well-suited for unique applications such as controlled drug delivery system and dye removal [17][18][19]. In addition, epoxypropyl methacrylate (EPMA) polymerizes practically as well as other vinyl monomers in aqueous and non-aqueous systems.…”