Synthesis and characterisation of thermomesogenic polysiloxanes with 2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione units in the main chain

Synthesis of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives comprising bithiophene moieties

“…The same procedures were applied by Horn et al to synthesize pyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione units from solid 4-cyanobiphenyls. 42 From this publication it can also be concluded that DPP core formation from solid biaryl carbonitriles results in lower yields (35%) than from liquid cyanoaryls (60-70%). This observation supports the presence of lower yields in the ring closing reactions of bithiophene carbonitriles 10b and 12b towards corresponding DPP units 11b and 13b.…”

Diketopyrrolopyrrole-based conjugated polymers and small molecules for organic ambipolar transistors and solar cells

“…DPP was synthesized in one step by consecutive Stobbe condensation of succinate ester with aromatic nitriles in the presence of sodium alkoxide base. Initial formed enamine ester undergoes self‐condensation to give pyrrolinone esters, which further undergoes condensation with another molecule of aromatic nitrile and subsequent cyclization to give the desired DPP core (Scheme ) . Synthesized material is found to be chemically stable and insoluble in many of the low boiling common organic solvents .…”

“…Some of further studies were reported on PDPP ‐based polymers and oligomers targeting their electroluminescent properties . Parallel to these developments, PDPP derivatives were employed in rational designs of multifunctional liquid crystalline conjugated polymers for the first time by Praefcke et al The liquid crystalline behavior of PDPP was further studied from Horn et al by incorporating two types of PDPP into polydimethylsiloxane backbone by hydrosilation method. Beyerlein and Tieke synthesized PDPP ‐based conjugated polymers and copolymers for the first time via palladium catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction (Scheme ).…”

Electrochemical Polymerization of Bis(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐Substituted 1,4‐Diketo‐3,6‐diphenyl‐pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole (DPP) Derivative

“…Previous studies have shown that soluble DPP derivatives with deep color and strong luminescence can be prepared upon alkylation of the lactam units 4, 5. If properly functionalized, alkylated DPP monomers can be used for the preparation of oligomers,6 dendrimers,7 and polymers 8–13. These materials show intense red colors, strong red photoluminescence, and electroluminescence,14, 15 which render them attractive as active materials in a variety of electronic devices.…”

“…Up to the present, conjugated polymers containing DPP units were only prepared upon Pd‐catalyzed arene‐arene coupling reactions such as Suzuki, Stille, and Heck coupling 8–15. Electropolymerization represents an alternative route to prepare such polymers in a catalyst‐free approach.…”