Synthesis and characterisation of some 4-keto derivatives of 1,3,4(2H)-isoquinolinetrione redox mediator herbicides

Herbicidal indolizine‐5,8‐diones: photosystem I redox mediators

“…Whilst significant in vitro activity was obtained for those compounds with a SERP value in the range −0.20 to −0.40 V, a narrower span of −0.20 to −0.30 V appeared to give the highest levels of in vitro activity (for example compounds 6, 11 and 14 ). The reduction potential range found for indolizinediones with in vitro activity is similar to other chemical classes which generate radical‐anions on reduction by PSI 4–8. The SERP value for molecular oxygen is −0.18 V vs NHE,33 close to the upper end of the redox potential range of redox mediators such as the indolizinediones and isoquinolinetriones 6–9.…”

“…The reduction potential range found for indolizinediones with in vitro activity is similar to other chemical classes which generate radical‐anions on reduction by PSI 4–8. The SERP value for molecular oxygen is −0.18 V vs NHE,33 close to the upper end of the redox potential range of redox mediators such as the indolizinediones and isoquinolinetriones 6–9. The effect on SERP of changing the substituents R 6 and R 7 in indolizinediones is discussed in Section 3.6.…”

“…The synthetic accessibility and the redox and physical properties of quinones and related systems have made them attractive starting points for exploratory redox‐mediating herbicides 5–9. Indolizine‐5,8‐diones are a novel class of quinone‐like compounds which have been recently patented as herbicides 10.…”

Metal-Free Air Oxidation in a Convenient Cascade Approach for the Access to Isoquinoline-1,3,4(2H)-triones

“…2,3-Dihydroisoquinoline-1,3,4-triones 3 are highly appealing for the number of biological activities as caspase inhibitors [10,11,12], nerve protectors to treat various neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer’s disease apoplexy and ischemic brain injuries [12,13]. Amino-substituted derivatives have been found to be active as herbicides due to their efficient redox mediation of photosystem I and their activity was found to be greater than that of the parent trione (Figure 1) [14,15,16,17]. The semicarbazide derivative prepared from phthalonimide shows good binding affinity toward oxytocin receptors ( Ki = 1.6 nM) [18].…”

Synthesis of 3,4‐Dialkyl‐5‐(1‐oxo‐ethyl)‐3H‐thiazole‐2‐thiones Derivatives and Their Pesticidal Activity

“…Among them, there are known herbicides (mefenacet, thiazopir, metabenzthiazuron, fenthiaprop, benazolin, benzthiazuron), fungicides (ethaboxam, thiabendazole, fluthianil, thiadifluor, thifluzamide, metsulfovax, isotianil, octhilinone), insecticides (clothianidin, thiamethoxam, tazimcarb, thiacloprid, imidaclothiz, thiapronil), acaricides (flubenzimine, hexythiazox) and others. At the same time, the search for new pesticides is continuing among the new series of thiazole derivatives , in particular hydrazones, oximes and their ethers with fungicidal , herbicidal and insecticidal activities. The purpose of the present research was the synthesis of thiazole derivatives on the basis of 1‐(3‐alkyl‐4‐methyl‐2‐thioxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐thiazol‐5‐yl)‐ethanones and study of their pesticidal activity.…”