Synthesis and aqueous solution characterization of amphiphilic diblock copolymers containing carbazole

Krasia, Theodora; Patrickios, Costas S.

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00114-3

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These results demonstrated the DMAEMA/styrene statistical copolymers with 89 and 96 mol% DMAEMA possessed similar pH sensitivity to that expected for PDMAEMA homopolymer. DMAEMA has been incorporated into various block copolymers to obtain pH and/or temperature induced micelles in aqueous solutions because of the sensitivity to both pH and temperature of PDMAEMA [8,12,15,61] In Figure 10, the R h of the block copolymer as a function of temperature was compared to its macroinitiator (DMAEMA/S-80/20, F DMAEMA = 81 mol%, M n = 11.2 kg mol −1 ) and the statistical polymers with similar composition and molecular weight as the second block (DMAEMA/S-95/5, F DMAEMA = 96 mol%, M n = 9.6 kg mol…”

Section: Effect Of Ph On the Solubility Of Copolymers In Aqueous Solumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It exhibits a lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase separation upon heating at neutral or basic conditions and is completely water-soluble in acidic media [8][9][10]. To fine-tune the transition conditions and polymer properties, DMAEMA has been incorporated into block copolymers with various counter blocks such as the pH-sensitive poly(2-vinyl pyrindine) to obtain pH-dependent micelles [8], a temperature-responsive block such as POEGMA [9] and PNIPAM [11] to alter the LCST, and a hydrophobic block such as poly(2-(N-carbazolyl)ethyl methacrylate) to make amphiphilic diblock copolymers with hole-transport properties [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive, Water-soluble Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate/styrene] Statistical Copolymers by Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization

Zhang

Marić

2011

Polymers

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Abstract:2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate/styrene statistical copolymers (poly(DMAEMA-stat-styrene)) with feed compositions f DMAEMA = 80-95 mol%, (number average molecular weights M n = 9.5-11.2 kg mol −1 ) were synthesized using succinimidyl ester-functionalized BlocBuilder alkoxyamine initiator at 80 °C in bulk. Polymerization rate increased three-fold on increasing f DMAEMA = 80 to 95 mol%. Linear M n increases with conversion were observed up to about 50% conversion and obtained copolymers possessed monomodal, relatively narrow molecular weight distributions (polydispersity = 1.32-1.59).Copolymers with f DMAEMA = 80 and 90 mol% were also cleanly chain-extended with DMAEMA/styrene mixtures of 95 and 90 mol% DMAEMA, respectively, confirming the livingness of the copolymers. Copolymer phase behavior in aqueous solutions was examined by dynamic light scattering and UV-Vis spectroscopy. All copolymers exhibited lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type behavior. LCST decreased with increasing styrene content in the copolymer and with increasing solution concentration. All copolymers were completely water-soluble and temperature insensitive at pH 4 but were more hydrophobic at pH 10, particularly copolymers with f DMAEMA = 80 and 85 mol%, which were water-insoluble. At pH 10, LCST of copolymers with f DMAEMA = 90 and 95 mol% were more than 10 °C lower compared to their solutions in neutral, de-ionized water. Block copolymers with two statistical blocks with different DMAEMA compositions exhibited a OPEN ACCESSPolymers 2011, 3 1399 single LCST, suggesting the block segments were not distinct enough to exhibit separate LCSTs in water.

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Section: Effect Of Ph On the Solubility Of Copolymers In Aqueous Solumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive, Water-soluble Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate/styrene] Statistical Copolymers by Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization

Zhang

Marić

2011

Polymers

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“…28,31 Briefly, powered potassium hydroxide (7.0 g, 0.125 mol) was stirred with DMF (40 mL) at room temperature for 10 min. The mixture was then stirred with carbazole (3.34 g, 0.02 mol) at room temperature for 45 min.…”

Section: Preparation Of 2-(n-carbazolyl)ethyl Acrylatementioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐assembled, fluorescent polymeric micelles of a graft copolymer containing carbazole for thermo‐controlled drug delivery in vitro

Liu

Meng

et al. 2007

J Biomed Mater Res

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A novel thermosensitive amphiphilic graft copolymer PNIPAAm-g-PCbzEA appending carbazole group was successfully designed and synthesized by the free radical copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide with hydrophobic precursor polymers of vinyl-functionalized poly(2-(N-carbazolyl)ethyl acrylate) (PCbzEA) in DMF. The PNIPAAm-g-PCbzEA copolymer was characterized by FTIR, (1)H NMR, GPC analysis, UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The TEM observation shows that the graft copolymer may self-assemble into polymeric micelles exhibiting a nanospheric morphology within a narrow size range of 30-60 nm in aqueous solution. From the (1)H NMR and FTIR analysis, the polymer micelles are composed of hydrophobic PCbzEA segments as the cores and the hydrophilic PNIPAAm segements as outer shells. The resulting micelles exhibited the temperature sensitivity with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 31.5 degrees C and a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 12.9 mg/L in water. In the study of drug release, an "on-off" drug release profile was found in response to stepwise temperature changes between 20 and 40 degrees C. The cytotoxicity assays for vero cells shows good biocompatibility of the graft copolymer in vitro.

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“…[4,5] However, there are only a few examples of block copolymers based on carbazole and its derivatives. It has been reported that PVK-based block copolymers can be synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), [6] nitroxide mediated polymerization, [7] cationic polymerization, [5] group transfer polymerization, [8] and radical cation transformation polymerization. [9] Other than the light emitting properties, [5] there is no reports concerning an investigation of the physical and morphological properties of PVK block copolymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Poly(N‐vinylcarbazole)‐Based Block Copolymers and their Nanofabrication and Photosensitizing Properties

Tam

Mak

et al. 2009

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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The synthesis of poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-based block copolymers functionalized with rhenium diimine complexes or pendant terpyridine ligands is reported. The copolymers are synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, and they exhibit interesting morphological properties as a result of the phase separation between different blocks. The rhenium complex polymer block may function as a photosensitizer, while the terpyridine-containing polymer block can be used as the template for nanofabrication by selective deposition of zinc complexes.

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Synthesis and aqueous solution characterization of amphiphilic diblock copolymers containing carbazole

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive, Water-soluble Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate/styrene] Statistical Copolymers by Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization

Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive, Water-soluble Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate/styrene] Statistical Copolymers by Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization

Self‐assembled, fluorescent polymeric micelles of a graft copolymer containing carbazole for thermo‐controlled drug delivery in vitro

Multifunctional Poly(N‐vinylcarbazole)‐Based Block Copolymers and their Nanofabrication and Photosensitizing Properties

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