Synthesis and application of organomercury haptens for enzyme-linked immunoassay of inorganic and organic mercury

Abstract

Two organomercury haptens were synthesized via the classical oxymercuration reaction. An intramolecular oxymercuration reaction was the strategy employed to prepare a structurally simple, but chemically robust, organomercury hapten that was conjugated to chicken immunoglobulin G (IgG). The resulting immunogen afforded mouse anti-mercury antibodies that were evaluated in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibodies demonstrating high titers were obtained, and various immunoassay parameters were investigated. The sensitivity and selectivity of the resulting antibodies were evaluated by exploring different cross-coupling chemistries and solid-phase synthetic variations. A second hapten was prepared with the intermolecular oxymercuration reaction, and the resulting compound, once coupled to carrier protein, afforded a solid-phase conjugate that revealed the versatility of the mouse anti-mercury antibody. The anti-mercury antibody developed in this study was capable of detecting both mercury(II) salts and organomercury compounds.

Antibody developments for metal ions and their applications

“…Prudenté et al employed the intramolecular oxymercuration reaction to synthesize an organomercury hapten with structurally simple, but chemically robust. The corresponding antibody was capable of binding to both the organic forms and inorganic (Hg(II)) of mercury (Prudente et al, 2010).…”

Synthesis and characterizations of Hg (II) Complex of Macrocyclic complexes compounds Tetradecahydrodibenzo hexaazacyclooctadecine with HgX2 (X= Cl, Br) by Hirshfeld analysis and antimicrobial activity

“…Mercury has contributed in a variety of ways to the field of bio-conjugate chemistry. Its special electrical characteristics have been helpful in developing electrochemical-based thiol test techniques 1. Mercury metal has helped to characterize protein using electron microscopy 2 . Along with many other metals, it also creates useful amalgams that are used in a variety of contexts 3 .…”

A Simple Method for Colorimetric and Naked-Eye Detection of Mercury in Fish Products

“…Several analytical techniques have been proposed for detection of Hg 2+ in sea fish or water, including the immunoassay method [7], the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry [8][9] with the limit of determination of 0.1 µg⋅L −1 . The technique of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [10] and capillary electrophoresis [11] were found quite applicable and cost-effective for determination of Hg 2+ and its compounds and can be used for effective evaluation of fish products' quality in the range of 10-180 µg⋅L −1 .…”