Synthesis and anhydrous proton conductivity of poly(5-vinyltetrazole) prepared by free radical polymerization

Proton exchange membrane from tetrazole-based poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) for high-temperature fuel cells

“…They all possess much higher acid uptakes, but most of them exhibit much lower conductivities than that of PAAtPPESK-97. Typically, PEMs were fabricated by the doping of poly (5-vinyltetrazole) with 100% phosphoric acid and the conductivity reached only 3.0 mS cm À1 at anhydrous condition [23]. An analogous result was found in the doping of 5-aminotetrazole functional poly (glycidyl methacrylate) with 200% phosphoric acid and its conductivity could only reach a maximum proton conductivity of 10 mS cm À1 [24].…”

“…However, most of previous reported tetrazole-based polymeric PEMs exhibit much lower conductivities. For example, the PA doped tetrazole-based poly (5-vinyltetrazole) membrane shows a conductivity of 3.0 mS cm À1 at 110 C in the anhydrous state [23]. Similarly, PA doped 5-aminotetrazole-based poly (glycidyl methacrylate) exhibit a proton conductivity of~10 mS cm À1 at 150 C under anhydrous conditions [24].…”

Synthesis and proton conductivity studies of doped azole functional polymer electrolyte membranes

“…Pu et al prepared poly(5-vinyltetrazole)/H 3 PO 4 blends and obtained a maximum proton conductivity of 3 × 10 −3 S/cm at 110 • C. They indicated the presence of proton transfer between tetrazole units [20].…”

Investigation of perfluorinated proton exchange membranes prepared via a facile strategy of chemically combining poly(vinylphosphonic acid) with PVDF by means of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) grafts

“…In some anhydrous PEMs, phosphoric acid acted quite effectively as the proton source and solvent upon being doped in azole-functional polymer matrices [34][35][36][37][38]. At temperatures above 150°C, the humidity gets low and the proton conductivities are typically high.…”