Abstract:It is known that bones and teeth are mostly composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and iron is present in them as a trace element. In order to search for helpful information for understanding the behavior of trace iron element in bones and teeth, very small amounts of iron containing HAp(FeHAp) were synthesized from a modified pseudo-body solution at low temperature. The effects of iron on the structural and photo-absorption properties of FeHAp were characterized by XRD, the Rietveld structural refinement, TEM and U… Show more
“…Wang et al did the report that iron containing HA nanoparticles calcined at temperatures well below 1000°C showed decomposition [8]. Additionally, work done by Morrissey et al and Gross et al…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…It is commonly used in bone grafting and tissue engineering applications due to its excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity [4]. HA, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , has a hexagonal crystal lattice structure [5], which allows for a wide variety of substitutions by anions, cations, and functional groups, such as the F- [6], Fe 2+/3+ [7][8][9][10][11][12], and CO 3 2 - [13]. Iron is of interest as a substituted cation in HA due to the fact it is present naturally in trace amounts in both teeth and bone [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HA, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , has a hexagonal crystal lattice structure [5], which allows for a wide variety of substitutions by anions, cations, and functional groups, such as the F- [6], Fe 2+/3+ [7][8][9][10][11][12], and CO 3 2 - [13]. Iron is of interest as a substituted cation in HA due to the fact it is present naturally in trace amounts in both teeth and bone [8]. Additionally, its presence provides iron substituted apatite (FeHA) with possible magnetic properties that can potentially be applied to varied applications, including drug delivery, medical imaging, or hyperthermia based cancer therapies, for which pure HA is unsuitable [9,[14][15][16][17][18].…”
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a widely studied biomaterial for bone grafting and tissue engineering applications. The crystal structure of HA lends itself to a wide variety of substitutions, which allows for tailoring of material properties. Iron is of interest in ion substitution in HA due to its magnetic properties. The synthesis and characterization of iron-substituted hydroxyapatite (FeHA) have been widely studied, but there is a lack of studies on the sintering behaviors of FeHA materials compared to pure HA. Studying the sintering behavior of a substituted apatite provides information regarding how the substitution affects material characteristics such as stability and bulk mechanical properties, thereby providing insight into which applications are appropriate for the substituted material. In this study both pure HA and FeHA were synthesized, pressed into pellets, and then sintered at temperatures ranging from 900-1300°C and 600-1100°C, respectively. The study thoroughly examined the comparative sintering behaviors of the two materials using density measurements, mechanical testing, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy. It was found that FeHA is considerably less thermally stable than pure HA, with decomposition beginning around 1200°C for pure HA samples, while at 700°C for the FeHA. The FeHA also had a much lower mechanical strength than that of the pure HA. An in vitro cell culture study was conducted by immersing FeHA powder in cell culture media, with HA powder at equivalent doses as a control, verified that FeHA is a biocompatible material. Although the FeHA would be unsuitable for bulk applications, it is a potential material for a variety of biomedical applications including drug delivery, cancer hyperthermia, and bone tissue engineering composites.
“…Wang et al did the report that iron containing HA nanoparticles calcined at temperatures well below 1000°C showed decomposition [8]. Additionally, work done by Morrissey et al and Gross et al…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…It is commonly used in bone grafting and tissue engineering applications due to its excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity [4]. HA, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , has a hexagonal crystal lattice structure [5], which allows for a wide variety of substitutions by anions, cations, and functional groups, such as the F- [6], Fe 2+/3+ [7][8][9][10][11][12], and CO 3 2 - [13]. Iron is of interest as a substituted cation in HA due to the fact it is present naturally in trace amounts in both teeth and bone [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HA, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , has a hexagonal crystal lattice structure [5], which allows for a wide variety of substitutions by anions, cations, and functional groups, such as the F- [6], Fe 2+/3+ [7][8][9][10][11][12], and CO 3 2 - [13]. Iron is of interest as a substituted cation in HA due to the fact it is present naturally in trace amounts in both teeth and bone [8]. Additionally, its presence provides iron substituted apatite (FeHA) with possible magnetic properties that can potentially be applied to varied applications, including drug delivery, medical imaging, or hyperthermia based cancer therapies, for which pure HA is unsuitable [9,[14][15][16][17][18].…”
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a widely studied biomaterial for bone grafting and tissue engineering applications. The crystal structure of HA lends itself to a wide variety of substitutions, which allows for tailoring of material properties. Iron is of interest in ion substitution in HA due to its magnetic properties. The synthesis and characterization of iron-substituted hydroxyapatite (FeHA) have been widely studied, but there is a lack of studies on the sintering behaviors of FeHA materials compared to pure HA. Studying the sintering behavior of a substituted apatite provides information regarding how the substitution affects material characteristics such as stability and bulk mechanical properties, thereby providing insight into which applications are appropriate for the substituted material. In this study both pure HA and FeHA were synthesized, pressed into pellets, and then sintered at temperatures ranging from 900-1300°C and 600-1100°C, respectively. The study thoroughly examined the comparative sintering behaviors of the two materials using density measurements, mechanical testing, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy. It was found that FeHA is considerably less thermally stable than pure HA, with decomposition beginning around 1200°C for pure HA samples, while at 700°C for the FeHA. The FeHA also had a much lower mechanical strength than that of the pure HA. An in vitro cell culture study was conducted by immersing FeHA powder in cell culture media, with HA powder at equivalent doses as a control, verified that FeHA is a biocompatible material. Although the FeHA would be unsuitable for bulk applications, it is a potential material for a variety of biomedical applications including drug delivery, cancer hyperthermia, and bone tissue engineering composites.
“…For instance, fluoride-substituted hydroxyapatite has better thermal and chemical stabilities than hydroxyapatite (Eslami H. et al 2008). However, vertebrate bone and tooth minerals are considered to contain HA structure with various substitution of Na , Cl¯, F¯ ions (Wang J. et al 2008, Donadel K. et al 2009). …”
Fe-doped hydroxyapatite bio-ceramic material has been successfully synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method using waste egg shell as Ca precursor and (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 as P precursor. Two different concentrations of doping solutions (0.1 M and 0.05 M) were chosen and the developed apatite was characterized by using FT-IR, XRF, XRD and SEM techniques. Observed data were in excellent agreement with the standard values for hydroxyapatite which indicated successful formation of the Fe-doped apatite of different concentrations.
“…20 Furthermore, a small backward shift in peak positions was observed, this behavior might be attributed to Fe 31 doping in the SeHA lattice, same observations were highlighted in literature. 34,35 The obtained lattice parameters for the Fe-SeHA materials are presented in Table II. It is seen that the lattice parameters for both a and c axis slightly increased with the incorporation of Fe 31 ions in SeHA structure.…”
Dual ions substituted hydroxyapatite (HA) received attention from scientists and researchers in the biomedical field owing to their excellent biological properties. This paper presents a novel biomaterial, which holds potential for bone tissue applications. Herein, we have successfully incorporated ferric (Fe 31 )/selenate (SeO 22 4 ) ions into the HA structure (Ca 10-x-y Fe y (PO 4 ) 6-x (SeO 4 ) x (OH) 2-x-y O y ) (Fe-SeHA) through a microwave refluxing process. The Fe-SeHA materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). XRD and FTIR analyses revealed that Fe-SeHA samples were phase pure at 9008C. FESEM images showed that formation of rod-like shaped particles was inhibited dramatically with increasing Fe 31 amount. The Vickers hardness (HV) test showed that hardness values increased with increasing Fe 31 concentrations. Optical spectra of Fe-SeHA materials contained broadband over (200-600) nm. In vitro degradation and bioactivity tests were conducted in simulated body fluid (SBF). The incorporation of Fe 31 /SeO 22 4 ions into the HA structure resulted in a remarkably higher degradation rate along with intense growth of apatite granules on the surface of the Fe-SeHA discs with Ca/P ratio of 1.35-1.47. In vitro protein adsorption assay was conducted in fetal bovine serum (FBS) and it was observed that the adsorption of serum proteins on Fe-SeHA samples significantly increased with increasing Fe 31 concentration. In vitro cytotoxicity tests were performed with human fetal osteoblast (hFOB)
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