Aging performances of polyester oxford with different weaving parameters were analyzed. Filament fineness and fabric density were key parameters. The filaments’ tensile strength, the characteristic groups on the fiber surface by FTIR and the determination of terminal carboxyl group were tested, and then the changes of characteristic groups were analyzed by internal standard working curve methods. It was resulted that during the former aging, the orientation of fibers were destroyed, meanwhile the ester bonds on carboxyl decreased and ester bonds on (C-O-C) formed, and during the later aging, etching on the surface of fibers made the ester bonds sharp decreasing. Compared with different fineness, thicker fibers with one more stretch process have the higher degree of orientation, and then prolong the aging. Then compared with different fabric density, the higher density can prolong the aging, provided of no frictions harm fibers during weaving.