Syntheses and UV/Vis-Spectroscopic Properties of Hydrophilic 2-, 3-, and 4-Pyridyl-Substituted Solvatochromic and Halochromic PyridiniumN-Phenolate Betaine Dyes as New Empirical Solvent Polarity Indicators

Abstract

Syntheses and negative solvatochromism of nine new hydrophilic 2-, 3-, and 4-pyridyl-substituted pyridinium Nphenolate betaine dyes 3−11 are described. These were produced in order to obtain zwitterionic dyes better soluble in water and other aqueous media (such as binary water/solvent mixtures, aqueous ionophore solutions) than the rather

Emergent dual functionality of water and reverse coordination of s-block metal ions in weakly solvating media

“…Consequently, the properties of the aqueous solvent may change to those of so-called "dihydrogen ether" (H)-O-(H). [25][26][27] Reichardt et al 28 briey explained the concept of "dihydrogen ether." At very high salt concentrations (c(salt) > 5 mol dm -3 ), region C in the Frank-Wen solvation model 1 is expected to disappear, leaving only regions A and B.…”

Emergent dual functionality of water and reverse coordination of s-block metal ions in weakly solvating media

“…Consequently, the properties of the aqueous solvent may change to those of so-called "dihydrogen ether" (H)-O-(H). [25][26][27] Reichardt et al 28 briey explained the concept of "dihydrogen ether." At very high salt concentrations (c(salt) > 5 mol dm -3 ), region C in the Frank-Wen solvation model 1 is expected to disappear, leaving only regions A and B.…”

Solvent‐Induced Self‐Assembly Strategy to Synthesize Multicolor Graphene Quantum Dots

“…Furthermore, the solvatochromic behavior of GQDs can be effectively described by the so‐called $$E_N^T$$, where $$E_N^T$$ is a standardized parameter designed to assess the overall solvation capacity of the measured solvent as a combination of non‐specific (e.g., dipole–dipole) and specific (HB) interactions. [ 40–42 ] Figure 4d presents a comparison of $$E_N^T$$ versus E T and reveals an approximate linearity, suggesting that the emission of the GQDs in organic solvents depends on other factors as well as polarity. To specifically analyze the solvent color variation behavior of the GQDs in organic solvents, four solvents, namely, n‐Hex, Tol, THF, and dichloromethane (DCM), were selected from them as representative studies.…”

Solution Spin Crossover Versus Speciation Effects: A Cautionary Tale

“…It should be noted that there are at least another 11 different parameters that can be used to describe a solvent. These include: Acity, a TM , α, β, DN , AN , E T N , δ, μ, π, and SB (see Supporting Information Section S9 for definitions and attempted correlations). − All 11 of these parameters also correlated with these apparent solution T 1/2 values ( R 2 = 0.74–0.96, Figures S34–44), but the correlation with P′ was superior to all of these ( R 2 = 0.99). These correlations must be taken with caution as there are only three data points, but they can be considered as trends that will help in the predictable tuning of switching temperature and hence spin state of spin crossover complexes in solution.…”

Emergent dual functionality of water and reverse coordination of s-block metal ions in weakly solvating media

“…Consequently, the properties of the aqueous solvent may change to those of so-called "dihydrogen ether" (H)-O-(H). [25][26][27] Reichardt et al 28 briey explained the concept of "dihydrogen ether." At very high salt concentrations (c(salt) > 5 mol dm -3 ), region C in the Frank-Wen solvation model 1 is expected to disappear, leaving only regions A and B.…”

Solvent‐Induced Self‐Assembly Strategy to Synthesize Multicolor Graphene Quantum Dots

“…Furthermore, the solvatochromic behavior of GQDs can be effectively described by the so‐called $$E_N^T$$, where $$E_N^T$$ is a standardized parameter designed to assess the overall solvation capacity of the measured solvent as a combination of non‐specific (e.g., dipole–dipole) and specific (HB) interactions. [ 40–42 ] Figure 4d presents a comparison of $$E_N^T$$ versus E T and reveals an approximate linearity, suggesting that the emission of the GQDs in organic solvents depends on other factors as well as polarity. To specifically analyze the solvent color variation behavior of the GQDs in organic solvents, four solvents, namely, n‐Hex, Tol, THF, and dichloromethane (DCM), were selected from them as representative studies.…”

Solution Spin Crossover Versus Speciation Effects: A Cautionary Tale

“…It should be noted that there are at least another 11 different parameters that can be used to describe a solvent. These include: Acity, a TM , α, β, DN , AN , E T N , δ, μ, π, and SB (see Supporting Information Section S9 for definitions and attempted correlations). − All 11 of these parameters also correlated with these apparent solution T 1/2 values ( R 2 = 0.74–0.96, Figures S34–44), but the correlation with P′ was superior to all of these ( R 2 = 0.99). These correlations must be taken with caution as there are only three data points, but they can be considered as trends that will help in the predictable tuning of switching temperature and hence spin state of spin crossover complexes in solution.…”

Emergent dual functionality of water and reverse coordination of s-block metal ions in weakly solvating media

“…Consequently, the properties of the aqueous solvent may change to those of so-called "dihydrogen ether" (H)-O-(H). [25][26][27] Reichardt et al 28 briey explained the concept of "dihydrogen ether." At very high salt concentrations (c(salt) > 5 mol dm -3 ), region C in the Frank-Wen solvation model 1 is expected to disappear, leaving only regions A and B.…”

Solvent‐Induced Self‐Assembly Strategy to Synthesize Multicolor Graphene Quantum Dots

“…Furthermore, the solvatochromic behavior of GQDs can be effectively described by the so‐called $$E_N^T$$, where $$E_N^T$$ is a standardized parameter designed to assess the overall solvation capacity of the measured solvent as a combination of non‐specific (e.g., dipole–dipole) and specific (HB) interactions. [ 40–42 ] Figure 4d presents a comparison of $$E_N^T$$ versus E T and reveals an approximate linearity, suggesting that the emission of the GQDs in organic solvents depends on other factors as well as polarity. To specifically analyze the solvent color variation behavior of the GQDs in organic solvents, four solvents, namely, n‐Hex, Tol, THF, and dichloromethane (DCM), were selected from them as representative studies.…”

Solution Spin Crossover Versus Speciation Effects: A Cautionary Tale

“…It should be noted that there are at least another 11 different parameters that can be used to describe a solvent. These include: Acity, a TM , α, β, DN , AN , E T N , δ, μ, π, and SB (see Supporting Information Section S9 for definitions and attempted correlations). − All 11 of these parameters also correlated with these apparent solution T 1/2 values ( R 2 = 0.74–0.96, Figures S34–44), but the correlation with P′ was superior to all of these ( R 2 = 0.99). These correlations must be taken with caution as there are only three data points, but they can be considered as trends that will help in the predictable tuning of switching temperature and hence spin state of spin crossover complexes in solution.…”