Syntactic Pattern Recognition: Survey of Frontiers and Crucial Methodological Issues

Evaluation of the fetal palate at 11 to 13 (+6) weeks of gestation based on an analysis of static ultrasound images using modern IT techniques

“…The advantage of this method is that a standard midsagittal plane is used to isolate the palatine bone, which is employed for NT measurement during aneuploidy screening. The above‐described shape extraction processes using the analyzed image are a common preliminary step for the processing of the image in automatic analysis systems . Based on the delineated problem of determining palatine bone shape, a proper threshold must be determined during the process of image binarization.…”

“…A set structure outline can be subjected to further analysis via artificial intelligence algorithms applied to learn the shape and then classify it as either physiological or pathological. In this context, syntactic pattern recognition methods are particularly promising . These methods are well suited to describe repetitive structures and have a grammatical inference mechanism.…”

“…The available literature does not include studies referencing the use of computer‐based methods to analyze images to evaluate the fetal palate. Of particular interest in such cases are the methods based on syntactic pattern recognition implemented in the field of artificial intelligence technology …”

Recognition of motion events of directed points using a language based framework

“…Here, we have a grammar G corresponding to a pattern P. The pattern P is observed in the input if the input can be parsed using the grammar G. The important issue here is type of grammar we propose for solving the problem. The solution is efficient if the proposed grammar is regular or context free [7]. Unlike statistical methods, syntactic approach can be used in situations where patterns exhibit a structure and this structure can be built hierarchically from input.…”

“…The framework co mbines QSR with syntactic pattern recognition [7]. In the proposed framework, each attribute of a motion event can be represented by a qualitative relation and motion sequences among mu ltiple objects can be interpreted using regular grammar.…”