Lambda-lifting a functional program transforms it into a set of recursive equations. We present the symmetric transformation: lambdadropping. Lambda-dropping a set of recursive equations restores block structure and lexical scope.For lack of scope, recursive equations must carry around all the parameters that any of their callees might possibly need. Both lambdalifting and lambda-dropping thus require one to compute a transitive closure over the call graph:• for lambda-lifting: to establish the Def/Use path of each free variable (these free variables are then added as parameters to each of the functions in the call path); We believe lambda-lifting and lambda-dropping are interesting per se, both in principle and in practice, but our prime application is partial evaluation: except for Malmkjaer and Ørbaek's case study presented at PEPM'95, most polyvariant specializers for procedural programs operate on recursive equations. To this end, in a pre-processing phase, they lambda-lift source programs into recursive equations. As a result, residual programs are also expressed as recursive equations, often with dozens of parameters, which most compilers do not handle efficiently. Lambda-dropping in a post-processing phase restores their block structure and lexical scope thereby significantly reducing both the compile time and the run time of residual programs.