Synoptic-Scale Influence of the Saharan Air Layer on Tropical Cyclogenesis over the Eastern Atlantic

Karyampudi, V. Mohan; Pierce, Harold F.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(2002)130<3100:ssiots>2.0.co;2

Cited by 90 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Applications are numerous, and include corrections for radiance assimilation systems for the NWP modeling systems themselves (Wang and Niu, 2013;Weaver et al, 2007). There is further mounting evidence that for heavily burdened atmospheres, inclusion of the radiative effects of aerosol particles improves overall NWP forecasts (e.g., Haywood et al, 2005;Pérez et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2010;Mulcahy et al, 2014) and is even hypothesized to impact tropical cyclone (TC) development (e.g., from Karyampudi and Carlson, 1988;Karyampudi and Pierce, 2002;Dunion and Velden, 2004; to most recently Dunstone et al, 2013;Reale et al, 2011Reale et al, , 2014. Direct and indirect radiative effects have also been found to impact common NWP parameters such as temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development towards a global operational aerosol consensus: basic climatological characteristics of the International Cooperative for Aerosol Prediction Multi-Model Ensemble (ICAP-MME)

Reid²,

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development towards a global operational aerosol consensus: basic climatological characteristics of the International Cooperative for Aerosol Prediction Multi-Model Ensemble (ICAP-MME)

Reid²,

et al. 2015

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“…The first stage is the preconditioning of the synoptic and meso-a environment, and the second stage is the construction and organization of a tropical-cyclone-scale vortex at the meso-b scale (Karyampudi and Pierce 2002). Like the components of a telescoping camera lens, these two stages distinguish processes at different spatial scales that, nevertheless, may overlap somewhat in time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of Pre–Hurricane Felix (2007). Part I: The Role of the Easterly Wave Critical Layer

Wang

Montgomery

Dunkerton

2010

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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The formation of pre-Hurricane Felix (2007) in a tropical easterly wave is examined in a two-part study using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with a high-resolution nested grid configuration that permits the representation of cloud system processes. The simulation commences during the wave stage of the precursor African easterly-wave disturbance. Here the simulated and observed developments are compared, while in Part II of the study various large-scale analyses, physical parameterizations, and initialization times are explored to document model sensitivities.In this first part the authors focus on the wave/vortex morphology, its interaction with the adjacent intertropical convergence zone complex, and the vorticity balance in the neighborhood of the developing storm. Analysis of the model simulation points to a bottom-up development process within the wave critical layer and supports the three new hypotheses of tropical cyclone formation proposed recently by Dunkerton, Montgomery, and Wang. It is shown also that low-level convergence associated with the ITCZ helps to enhance the wave signal and extend the ''wave pouch'' from the jet level to the top of the atmospheric boundary layer. The region of a quasi-closed Lagrangian circulation within the wave pouch provides a focal point for diabatic merger of convective vortices and their vortical remnants. The wave pouch serves also to protect the moist air inside from dry air intrusion, providing a favorable environment for sustained deep convection. Consistent with the authors' earlier findings, the tropical storm forms near the center of the wave pouch via system-scale convergence in the lower troposphere and vorticity aggregation. Components of the vorticity balance are shown to be scale dependent, with the immediate effects of cloud processes confined more closely to the storm center than the overturning Eliassen circulation induced by diabatic heating, the influence of which extends to larger radii.

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“…soil acidification, reduction of plant growth), human health (especially lung and cardiovascular diseases), visibility reduction and building degradation (Arimoto, 2001;Dunion and Velden, 2004;Goudie and Middleton, 2001;Harrison et al, 2001;Karyampudi and Pierce, 2002;Prospero, 1999;Sokolik and Toon, 1996;Tegen et al, 1996;Zhang and Pennington, 2004). The mineral component of this APM is the one responsible for most of its mass, and, although some can be attributed to anthropogenic 05132 0 E), strongly influenced by a local geology dominated by Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace element variation in size-fractionated African desert dusts

Castillo

Moreno

Querol

et al. 2008

Journal of Arid Environments

126

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Synoptic-Scale Influence of the Saharan Air Layer on Tropical Cyclogenesis over the Eastern Atlantic

Cited by 90 publications

References 46 publications

Development towards a global operational aerosol consensus: basic climatological characteristics of the International Cooperative for Aerosol Prediction Multi-Model Ensemble (ICAP-MME)

Development towards a global operational aerosol consensus: basic climatological characteristics of the International Cooperative for Aerosol Prediction Multi-Model Ensemble (ICAP-MME)

Genesis of Pre–Hurricane Felix (2007). Part I: The Role of the Easterly Wave Critical Layer

Trace element variation in size-fractionated African desert dusts

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