Syngas conversion to biofuels and biochemicals: a review of process engineering and mechanisms

Khalid, Habiba; Amin, Farrukh Raza; Gao, Lian; Chen, Limei; Chen, Wuxi; Javed, Sundus; Li, Demao

doi:10.1039/d3se00916e

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 113 publications

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“…In regards to climate change, establishing a circular carbon economy with CO 2 emission reduction is an objective in the chemical industry since fossil raw material still serves for the production of carbonaceous chemicals [ 4 , 5 ]. Syngas fermentation using acetogenic bacteria can be a biotechnological alternative to substitute fossil carbon-based chemical synthesis processes [ 6 , 7 ]. In this case, acetogenic microorganisms can use CO, CO 2 , and H 2 as carbon and electron sources for growth and product formation, such as organic acids, their corresponding alcohols, or other value-added organic chemicals.…”

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confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Formate and Syngas Conversion Boosts Growth and Product Formation by Clostridium ragsdalei

Schwarz,

Angelina,

Hambrock

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO and formate can be coupled to gas fermentation with anaerobic microorganisms. In combination with a competing hydrogen evolution reaction in the cathode in aqueous medium, the in situ, electrocatalytic produced syngas components can be converted by an acetogenic bacterium, such as Clostridium ragsdalei, into acetate, ethanol, and 2,3-butanediol. In order to study the simultaneous conversion of CO, CO2, and formate together with H2 with C. ragsdalei, fed-batch processes were conducted with continuous gassing using a fully controlled stirred tank bioreactor. Formate was added continuously, and various initial CO partial pressures (pCO0) were applied. C. ragsdalei utilized CO as the favored substrate for growth and product formation, but below a partial pressure of 30 mbar CO in the bioreactor, a simultaneous CO2/H2 conversion was observed. Formate supplementation enabled 20–50% higher growth rates independent of the partial pressure of CO and improved the acetate and 2,3-butanediol production. Finally, the reaction conditions were identified, allowing the parallel CO, CO2, formate, and H2 consumption with C. ragsdalei at a limiting CO partial pressure below 30 mbar, pH 5.5, n = 1200 min−1, and T = 32 °C. Thus, improved carbon and electron conversion is possible to establish efficient and sustainable processes with acetogenic bacteria, as shown in the example of C. ragsdalei.

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