Syneruptive and intereruptive lithofacies in lacustrine environments: The Cretaceous Beolkeum Member, Wido Island, Korea

Gihm, Yong Sik; Hwang, Inah

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.01.004

Cited by 23 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The Wido Formation is one of the Cretaceous sedimentary successions in the Korean Peninsula and is composed of the Daeri, Jinri, and Beolkeum members (Gihm and Hwang, 2014 opment of sinistral strike-slip fault systems in the southern part of Korean Peninsula (Chough and Sohn, 2010) (Fig. 1, inset).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Jinri Member is approximately 600 m thick and is composed primarily of rhyolitic, massive welded lapilli tuff and massive welded tuff (Fig. 2), deposited by pyroclastic density currents driven from southwestern part of Wido Island (Gihm and Hwang, 2014). According to age determination using U-Pb ratios in zircon crystals, the Jinri Member was formed at 85.7.1 ± 2.9 Ma (Koh et al, 2013).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3a and b). The laminated mudstones are intercalated with four syneruptive lithofacies assemblages (SLA-1 to SLA-4) (Gihm and Hwang, 2014), and beds of the inferred hyperpycnal flow deposits are well exposed in SLA-1.…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary and resedimented pyroclastic deposits are intercalated with lacustrine laminated mudstones, forming syneruptive lithofacies assemblages (SLA-1 to SLA-4) (Gihm and Hwang, 2014). In SLA-1, inferred hyperpycnal flow deposits (stratified, inverse to normally graded tuff) overlie subaqueous pyroclastic density current deposits (massive welded lapilli tuff).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Classic models of the hyperpycnal flow deposits are, however, very thick bedded (>1 m thick) and shows inverse to normal grading together with alternating occurrence of (climbing) ripple cross-laminations and planar laminations in response to temporal changes in physical conditions of the hyperpycnal flows (Mulder et al, 2003;Plink-Björklund and Steel, 2004;Zavala et al, 2006). Although depositional processes of the inferred hyperpycnal flow deposits are already documented as a part of work for interpretation of depositional history of the Beolkeum Member (Gihm and Hwang, 2014), it is necessary to carefully discuss the contrasting depositional features between the inferred hyperpycnal flow deposits and the classic models in order to improve understanding of physical behaviors of hyperpycnal flows after explosive volcanic eruptions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lacustrine hyperpycnal flow deposits after explosive volcanic eruptions, Cretaceous Beolkeum Member, Wido Island, Korea

Gihm

Hwang

2015

Geosci J

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The Cretaceous Beolkeum Member was formed in a lacustrine environment affected by explosive volcanic eruptions, and hyperpycnal flow deposits are well developed following the eruptions. Beds of hyperpycnal flow deposit are generally less than 25 cm thick and consist of an inversely graded and planar laminated lower part, a poorly-sorted and massive middle part, and a normally graded, planar laminated upper part. An internal erosional surface is common between the lower and middle parts. After explosive volcanic eruptions, subaerial drainage systems would be highly disturbed by deposition of fine-grained and loose pyroclasts. The pyroclasts can easily be remobilized by surface runoff, and the surface runoff evolved into sedimentladen floods with excess density to plunge into the lake, providing favorable conditions for the occurrence of the hyperpycnal flows. Compared with classic models of hyperpycnal flow deposits, predominant planar laminations in the lower and upper parts suggest high fallout rates of suspended sediments from the hyperpycnal flows during initial and late stages of deposition. This implies that the hyperpycnal flows were driven from relatively highly concentrated subaerial floods owing to erodible subaerial conditions following the eruptions. Relatively thinly bedded hyperpycnal flow deposits (<25 cm thick) in comparison with the classic models (1 to 4 m thick) can be attributed to short-lived hyperpycnal flows, arising from the disturbed subaerial conditions following eruptions together with relatively small-scale drainage basins around the lake.

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Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%