Synergistic toughening of carbon nanotubes and nucleating agent in polypropylene/ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer blend

Qi, Xiao-dong; Sun, Dong; Yang, Chao-jin; Wang, Wenyan; Wang, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.02.017

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the synergistic toughening mechanism of nanoclay cannot be justified only by this factor, especially at 5 phr. In other words, other mechanisms may also contribute to the synergistic toughness enhancement of PP50/EOC50‐based nanocomposites, including nanoclay localization and its bridging effect in the blend interface, as well as the transition from co‐continues‐type to matrix‐dispersed morphology, both of which facilitate stress transfer between the PP and EOC phases 35 . Moreover, it should be noted that using the PP‐g‐MA as a compatibilizer in the PP/EOC blend system can contribute to effective stress transfer by creating a strong interphase between the nanoparticles and the polymer chains 58,59 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the importance of crystallization behavior in semicrystalline polymer materials as a determining factor to their toughness and impact strength, 35,57 impact mechanical experiments were conducted on the samples that had been crystallized at 125 C using isothermal crystallization. Figure 9 illustrates the results of notched Izod impact strength for the PP, PP/EOC blends, and their corresponding nanocomposites.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Pp/eoc Blend Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, other mechanisms may also contribute to the synergistic toughness enhancement of PP50/ EOC50-based nanocomposites, including nanoclay localization and its bridging effect in the blend interface, as well as the transition from co-continues-type to matrixdispersed morphology, both of which facilitate stress transfer between the PP and EOC phases. 35 Moreover, it should be noted that using the PP-g-MA as a compatibilizer in the PP/EOC blend system can contribute to effective stress transfer by creating a strong interphase between the nanoparticles and the polymer chains. 58,59 F I G U R E 9 The notched impact strength values for (A) neat PP and blend samples, and (B) PP-based, (C) PP80/EOC20-based, and (D) PP50/EOC50-based nanocomposites containing 1, 3, and 5 phr nanoclay.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Pp/eoc Blend Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that silica increased the crystallinity percentage from 10% to 77%, depending on its quantity; however, it could also restrict the movement of matrix chains, resulting in a viscous behavior. Moreover, Qi et al 35 fabricated PP/ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer blends containing a few amounts of carbon nanotubes and 1,2,3,4‐bis(3,4‐dimethyl benzylidene) sorbitol (DMDBS). According to their results, DMDBS proved to be an excellent nucleation agent for the crystallization of the PP matrix; however, its nucleation effect was weakened in the presence of nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward understanding the crystallization behavior of polypropylene‐based nanocomposites: Effect of ethylene–octene copolymer and nanoclay localization

et al. 2023

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The crystallization properties of polypropylene (PP), a widely used polymer in industry, can be modified to overcome its mechanical limitations. In the current work, we investigated the effect of ethylene octene copolymer (EOC), blend morphology, nanoclay loading, nano‐localization, and component ratios on PP/EOC crystallization behavior in various aspects, including crystallization rate, degree of crystallinity, nucleation state, and crystalline phases. The results revealed that adding EOC with varying ratios can decrease PP crystallinity both in degree and rate due to the partial miscibility of components through grafting. Furthermore, it was found that the effect of the nanoclay on the crystallization behavior of PP is dependent on the nanoclay loading and its localization in the blend. The nanoclay, therefore, served as a nucleation agent at low nanoparticle contents, accelerating the crystallization rate regardless of the blend's microstructure. However, the crystallization rate of the blend samples at high nanoclay contents (above the rheological percolation threshold) was strongly influenced by the type of morphology. Accordingly, high nanoclay concentrations in blends with matrix‐dispersed morphologies reduced crystallization rates (increasing half‐time from 164 to 216 and 186 s), primarily because PP chains slowed down due to their interactions with nanoparticles and nanoclay hindrance. In contrast, in a blend with a co‐continues‐type morphology, the crystallization rates increased (decreasing half‐time from 624 to 270 and 236 s) due to nano‐localization at the interface and morphology transformation to the matrix‐dispersed one. The blends and nanocomposites based on PP/EOC were also investigated to determine the relationship between the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Pp/eoc Blend Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Pp/eoc Blend Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward understanding the crystallization behavior of polypropylene‐based nanocomposites: Effect of ethylene–octene copolymer and nanoclay localization

et al. 2023

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“…The above results validate that simultaneously incorporating SEBS and HDPE into PP gives rise to a great enhancement of impact strength. In order to evaluate the synergistic toughening efficiency of SEBS and HDPE, the synergistic toughening efficiency of PP/SEBS/HDPE blends is proposed according to the literature 30 and the calculation equation is shown in Equation (4).…”

Section: Brittle-tough Transition Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and toughening mechanism of high toughness PP/SEBS/HDPE blends with core‐shell particles

Peng

Liu

et al. 2023

Journal of Polymer Science

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Aiming at obtaining high toughness polypropylene (PP) products, in this work, using high density polyethylene (HDPE) and styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐stryrene (SEBS) as toughening agents, PP/SEBS/HDPE blends were successfully fabricated by melt‐blending method, and the microstructure, mechanical, thermodynamics, and rheological properties of the blends were investigated. The results revealed the core‐shell structure particles with HDPE as the core and SEBS as the shell were dispersed in PP in the PP/SEBS/HDPE blends. The core‐shell structure particles played good roles in toughening PP matrix, and the PP/SEBS/HDPE blends underwent brittle‐tough transition at 15 wt% SEBS and 5 wt% HDPE. The impact toughness of PP/SEBS/HDPE blends with 15 wt% SEBS and 15 wt% HDPE reached 60.1 kJ/m2, which was almost 1441.0% that of pure PP. The formation of core‐shell particles in the system led to an increase in the degree of chain entanglement between the dispersed phase and PP, which enhanced the interfacial adhesion. In addition, based on the experimental results, the relationship between the viscosity and the material toughness was proposed, revealing the brittle‐ductile transition behavior and the toughening mechanism.

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Mechanism of Low‐Temperature Brittle–Ductile Transition of Polypropylene/Low‐Density Polyethylene Blend Foam under Compressive Stress Caused by Cell Stretching

Yang

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

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To enhance the low‐temperature toughness of polypropylene/low density polyethylene (PP/LDPE) blend, which is a crucial blend for polyolefin material with wide applications in frigid regions, the PP/LDPE blend foam with stretched cells is fabricated via a facile injection foaming together with open‐mold stretching process. During the open‐mold stretching, the relatively miscible PP and LDPE chains are debonded, and then the stretched and oriented cells structure with lots of tiny interphase cavities between the PP and LDPE phases and the fine lamellae are formed in the foam system. Such interphase cavities provide an adequate movement space for the frozen PP and LDPE chains and lamellae, and effectively relaxed and transferred stress, which greatly promote the uniform compressive behavior accompanied by the completely compacted cells at −25 °C. Moreover, the compressive fracture surface changes from relatively flat and smooth for the stretched PP foam to obvious yield folds and deformation for the stretched blend foam, and the compressive strain of stretched PP/LDPE blend foam is highly enhanced by a roughly 31%, 53%, and 44% increase than that of PP, PP/LDPE, and stretched PP foam samples, respectively, achieving the low‐temperature brittle–ductile transition for PP.

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Synergistic toughening of carbon nanotubes and nucleating agent in polypropylene/ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer blend

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Toward understanding the crystallization behavior of polypropylene‐based nanocomposites: Effect of ethylene–octene copolymer and nanoclay localization

Toward understanding the crystallization behavior of polypropylene‐based nanocomposites: Effect of ethylene–octene copolymer and nanoclay localization

Fabrication and toughening mechanism of high toughness PP/SEBS/HDPE blends with core‐shell particles

Mechanism of Low‐Temperature Brittle–Ductile Transition of Polypropylene/Low‐Density Polyethylene Blend Foam under Compressive Stress Caused by Cell Stretching

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