Cationic liposomes containing the human interferon- added murine IFN-. In in vivo experiments, intratumoral (IFN-) gene induce marked growth inhibition in human gliadministration of liposomes containing the murine IFN- oma cells. In vivo experiments using an human glioma gene resulted in a 16-fold reduction in the mean volume of implanted into the brains of nude mice have demonstrated residual gliomas in the brains of C57BL/6 mice and massa definite growth-inhibitory effect, achieving complete ive infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) within the tumor regression with multiple intratumoral injections of the residual tumor, while few CTL were infiltrated in controls gene. However, nude mouse studies are inadequate to including murine IFN-, empty liposomes, naked plasmid evaluate antitumor effects fully, especially those related to expressing murine IFN-, and liposomes containing -activation of the host immune response. This article aimed galactosidase gene. In addition, 40% of mice treated with to investigate antitumor effects and immune response actiliposomes containing the murine IFN- gene were comvation by murine IFN- gene transfer in syngeneic mice.pletely cured. These findings indicated that activation of In vitro experiments demonstrated a stronger growth-inhibicellular immunity participates in antitumor effects in vivo tory effect of liposomes containing the murine IFN- gene together with direct effects of the IFN- gene. on a GL261 mouse glioma cell line than exogenously