“…Considering that MXenes exhibited high photothermal conversion capacity under light irradiation [ 23 , 132 , 133 ], the light-triggered antibacterial processes of MXenes could be inferred as follows: MXenes with sharp edges are feasible to adhere to or insert into pathogenic cells, and at the same time, irradiation energy of light absorbed by MXenes nanosheets significantly increases the temperature of MXenes, as a result of which the generated hyperthermia facilitates the ablation of bacterial structures, resulting in pathogenic bacteria death. Undoubtedly, PTT has become a well-trusted antibacterial therapy due to antibiotics-independent performance and selective hyperthermal treatment.…”
Section: Photothermal Properties and Antibacterial Mechanisms Of Mxenesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These satisfactory properties of PTT exhibit the feasibilities of using antibiotics-independent techniques to destroy harmful bacteria, thereby attracting extensive attention. To achieve desirable antibacterial efficiency and less light energy consumption, synergistic tactics by combining PTT with other techniques, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and metal ions incursion, have been brought into focus [ 21 – 23 ]. The heat generated by PTT could tremendously enhance the permeability of the bacteria membranes and promote the intracellular permeation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or metal ions [ 24 ].…”
Highlights
Fabrication, characterizations and photothermal properties of MXenes are systematically described.
Photothermal-derived antibacterial performances and mechanisms of MXenes-based materials are summarized and reviewed.
Recent advances in the derivative applications relying on antibacterial properties of MXenes-based materials, including in vitro and in vivo sterilization, solar water evaporation and purification, and flexible antibacterial fabrics, are investigated.
Abstract
The pernicious bacterial proliferation and emergence of super-resistant bacteria have already posed a great threat to public health, which drives researchers to develop antibiotic-free strategies to eradicate these fierce microbes. Although enormous achievements have already been achieved, it remains an arduous challenge to realize efficient sterilization to cut off the drug resistance generation. Recently, photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising solution to efficiently damage the integrity of pathogenic bacteria based on hyperthermia beyond their tolerance. Until now, numerous photothermal agents have been studied for antimicrobial PTT. Among them, MXenes (a type of two-dimensional transition metal carbides or nitrides) are extensively investigated as one of the most promising candidates due to their high aspect ratio, atomic-thin thickness, excellent photothermal performance, low cytotoxicity, and ultrahigh dispersibility in aqueous systems. Besides, the enormous application scenarios using their antibacterial properties can be tailored via elaborated designs of MXenes-based materials. In this review, the synthetic approaches and textural properties of MXenes have been systematically presented first, and then the photothermal properties and sterilization mechanisms using MXenes-based materials are documented. Subsequently, recent progress in diverse fields making use of the photothermal and antibacterial performances of MXenes-based materials are well summarized to reveal the potential applications of these materials for various purposes, including in vitro and in vivo sterilization, solar water evaporation and purification, and flexible antibacterial fabrics. Last but not least, the current challenges and future perspectives are discussed to provide theoretical guidance for the fabrication of efficient antimicrobial systems using MXenes.
“…Considering that MXenes exhibited high photothermal conversion capacity under light irradiation [ 23 , 132 , 133 ], the light-triggered antibacterial processes of MXenes could be inferred as follows: MXenes with sharp edges are feasible to adhere to or insert into pathogenic cells, and at the same time, irradiation energy of light absorbed by MXenes nanosheets significantly increases the temperature of MXenes, as a result of which the generated hyperthermia facilitates the ablation of bacterial structures, resulting in pathogenic bacteria death. Undoubtedly, PTT has become a well-trusted antibacterial therapy due to antibiotics-independent performance and selective hyperthermal treatment.…”
Section: Photothermal Properties and Antibacterial Mechanisms Of Mxenesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These satisfactory properties of PTT exhibit the feasibilities of using antibiotics-independent techniques to destroy harmful bacteria, thereby attracting extensive attention. To achieve desirable antibacterial efficiency and less light energy consumption, synergistic tactics by combining PTT with other techniques, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and metal ions incursion, have been brought into focus [ 21 – 23 ]. The heat generated by PTT could tremendously enhance the permeability of the bacteria membranes and promote the intracellular permeation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or metal ions [ 24 ].…”
Highlights
Fabrication, characterizations and photothermal properties of MXenes are systematically described.
Photothermal-derived antibacterial performances and mechanisms of MXenes-based materials are summarized and reviewed.
Recent advances in the derivative applications relying on antibacterial properties of MXenes-based materials, including in vitro and in vivo sterilization, solar water evaporation and purification, and flexible antibacterial fabrics, are investigated.
Abstract
The pernicious bacterial proliferation and emergence of super-resistant bacteria have already posed a great threat to public health, which drives researchers to develop antibiotic-free strategies to eradicate these fierce microbes. Although enormous achievements have already been achieved, it remains an arduous challenge to realize efficient sterilization to cut off the drug resistance generation. Recently, photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising solution to efficiently damage the integrity of pathogenic bacteria based on hyperthermia beyond their tolerance. Until now, numerous photothermal agents have been studied for antimicrobial PTT. Among them, MXenes (a type of two-dimensional transition metal carbides or nitrides) are extensively investigated as one of the most promising candidates due to their high aspect ratio, atomic-thin thickness, excellent photothermal performance, low cytotoxicity, and ultrahigh dispersibility in aqueous systems. Besides, the enormous application scenarios using their antibacterial properties can be tailored via elaborated designs of MXenes-based materials. In this review, the synthetic approaches and textural properties of MXenes have been systematically presented first, and then the photothermal properties and sterilization mechanisms using MXenes-based materials are documented. Subsequently, recent progress in diverse fields making use of the photothermal and antibacterial performances of MXenes-based materials are well summarized to reveal the potential applications of these materials for various purposes, including in vitro and in vivo sterilization, solar water evaporation and purification, and flexible antibacterial fabrics. Last but not least, the current challenges and future perspectives are discussed to provide theoretical guidance for the fabrication of efficient antimicrobial systems using MXenes.
“…As a result of the Schottky junction and high conduction ability of the Ag NPs, photoinduced electrons from CoP are rapidly transported to the surface of the Ag NPs, resulting in improved electron-hole pair removal efficiency and ROS production. 117–122 Figure 8 ( A ) Schematic representation of photothermal antibacterial pathway of quaternized chitosan (QCS)/silver (Ag)/cobalt phosphide (CoP) nanocomposites. Reprinted from J. Colloid Interface Sci .…”
Across the planet, outbreaks of bacterial illnesses pose major health risks and raise concerns. Photodynamic, photothermal, and metal ion release effects of transition metal-based nanocomposites (TMNs) were recently shown to be highly effective in reducing bacterial resistance and upsurges in outbreaks. Surface plasmonic resonance, photonics, crystal structures, and optical properties of TMNs have been used to regulate metal ion release, produce oxidative stress, and generate heat for bactericidal applications. The superior properties of TMNs provide a chance to investigate and improve their antimicrobial actions, perhaps leading to therapeutic interventions. In this review, we discuss three alternative antibacterial strategies based on TMNs of photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and metal ion release and their mechanistic actions. The scientific community has made significant efforts to address the safety, effectiveness, toxicity, and biocompatibility of these metallic nanostructures; significant achievements and trends have been highlighted in this review. The combination of therapies together has borne significant results to counter antimicrobial resistance (4-log reduction). These three antimicrobial pathways are separated into subcategories based on recent successes, highlighting potential needs and challenges in medical, environmental, and allied industries.
“…As well as the anchored Ag 0 particles serving as faster electronic transmission mediators, as electron donors they played a key role in the enhancement of resistance to photocorrosion and e − /h + recombination. 21 Resulting from the narrower bandgap, stronger ability for visible light absorption, and greater e − /h + recombination resistance of the novel S-scheme heterojunction, the prepared MFAA composites possess extraordinary photoactivity for H 2 evolution and CIP removal compared to the mass of existing photocatalytic systems.…”
The novel heterostructure photocatalyst includes photoreduction of Ag0 loaded MIL-53(Fe)/Ag3PO4 (MFAAx) composites were designed and successfully synthesized via hydrothermal with deposition and photoreduction method. Then the physicochemical and optical properties...
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