Synergistic mode of action of catechin, vanillic and protocatechuic acids to inhibit the adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli on silicone surfaces

Abstract

Aims To study the individual and combined contribution of catechin, protocatechuic and vanillic acids to inhibit the adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) on the surface of silicone catheters. Methods and Results The adhesion of UPEC to silicone catheters during the exposure to nonlethal concentrations of phenolic compounds was measured, as well as changes in motility, presence of fimbriae, extra-cellular polymeric substances, surface charge, hydrophobicity and membrane fluidity. The phenolic combination reduced 26–51% of motility, 1 log CFU per cm2 of adhered bacteria and 20–40% the carbohydrate and protein content in the biofilm matrix. Curli fimbriae, surface charge and cell hydrophobicity were affected to a greater extent by the phenolic combination. In the mixture, vanillic acid was the most effective for reducing bacterial adhesion, extra-polymeric substance production, motility, curli fimbriae and biofilm structure. Notwithstanding, protocatechuic acid caused major changes in the bacterial cell surface properties, whereas catechin affected the cell membrane functionality. Conclusion Catechin, protocatechuic and vanillic acids have different bacterial cell targets, explaining the synergistic effect of their combination against uropathogenic E. coli. Significance and Impact of Study This study shows the contribution of catechin, protocatechuic and vanillic acids in producing a synergistic mixture against the adhesion of uropathogenic E. coli on silicone catheters. The action of catechin, vanillic and protocatechuic acids included specific contributions of each compound against the E. coli membrane’s integrity, motility, surface properties and production of extracellular polymeric substances. Therefore, the studied mixture of phenolic compounds could be used as an antibiotic alternative to reduce urinary tract infections associated with silicone catheters.

Active components and antioxidant activity of thirty-seven varieties of Chinese jujube fruits (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)

“…[46] At present, many studies have shown that these monomeric phenols can prevent and treat many related diseases caused by oxidative stress. For example, (+)-catechin and caffeic acid have a wide range of antibacterial properties, [47,48] antiviral activity, [49,50] etc. Rutin can be transformed into quercetin in the body, which inhibits adipocyte differentiation and plays a role in alleviating obesity .…”

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oils of Leptospermum petersonii and Eucalyptus gunnii

“…Biofilm formation by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa is important when studying infections of the upper airways, because it perpetuates antigen presentation, leading to chronic inflammation and complicating clinical treatments (Camporese, 2013). Similar problems are caused by the uropathogenic Escherichia coli, whose biofilms are difficult to eradicate from the surface of hospital catheters (Bernal-Mercado et al, 2019), and L. monocytogenes, which form biofilms on food products (Djordjevic et al, 2002). Finally, P. carotovorum biofilm causes soft rot in food crops due the release of exoenzymes and increases bacterial resistance during plant disinfection (Gutierrez-Pacheco et al, 2018).…”

Antimicrobial and Antivirulence Impacts of Phenolics on Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium

“…The phenolic acids evaluated in this study have been previously noted by other researchers, primarily for their roles as antioxidants, documented use as food preservatives, and antimicrobial potential against Gram-negative bacterial pathogens [ 32 ]. GA, PA and VA specifically have been shown to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas spp., Listeria monocytogenes , Mannheimia haemolytica , Pasteurella multocida , Escherichia coli and some strains of Salmonella spp., as well as being able to reduce the pathogenicity of other bacteria such as Proteus mirabilis [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. However, the effectiveness against ST, specifically, has not been consistently documented, in addition to the mechanisms of action underlying the molecular interactions that precede cell death remaining poorly understood.…”