Synergistic interaction in zinc/epoxy/phosphite stabilization of polyvinyl chloride

Deanin, Rudolph D.; Foss, R.M.; Gilbert, Paul; Guerard, Ronald F.; Muccio, Edward A.

doi:10.1002/pen.760130204

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The addition of several costabilizers, which can operate in different ways, is carried out with a view to improving both the Ti and the extent of discoloration, always bearing in mind that the combination does not affect the processing conditions a great deal. Similar attempts have been recorded in the literature12 to combine the different mechanisms of action of different costabilizers.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

New insights into the degradation mechanism of poly (vinyl chloride), Part (III): Implementation of new costabilizers—Towards heavy metal free systems (HMFS)

Santamaría

Edge

Allen

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:To replace zinc in PVC stabilized formulations and generate a Heavy Metal Free System (HMFS), different costabilizers (i.e., 6-amino-1,3 dimethyluracil (Uracil), sodium tetraborate (Borax), sodium phenyl phosphinate (SPP), and NPPD (N-phenyl-3-acetylpyrrolidin-2,4-dione), and their combinations) were tested. HCl evolution showed the outstanding performance of SPP, which was overshadowed by its poor color stability. To optimize the levels of costabilizers in the formulation, experimental design was applied to two different formulations. For a formulation containing Uracil ϩ SPP ϩ NPPD, the induction time (Ti) could reach up to 50 min. Moreover, an induction time of more than 80 min could be obtained with the combination of the costabilizers Borax ϩ SPP ϩ NPPD. The dynamic stability in terms of color measurements showed that excellent color control was achieved by the addition of 2phr of Borax into the formulation, with even better results than the mixture of the three costabilizers at their highest levels (Borax ϩ SPP ϩ NPPD). For a formulation containing Uracil ϩ SPP ϩ NPPD, the best results were again obtained by the combination of the highest levels of the three costabilizers. The mechanistic action of SPP with a model compound (4C2H) was studied by 1 H and 31 P-FTnmr. The reaction was obscured by the fact that SPP underwent hydrolysis in aqueous conditions. However, the color measurements showed that because the initial color was poor, it is unlikely that SPP is acting as a peroxide decomposer in the conventional sense. In addition, the great extension in the Ti means that SPP must be inhibiting chain propagation and it may do this by stabilizing the carbocation generated during the dehydrochlorination process, along with its acid scavenging activity. Thus, when the costabilizer is totally consumed, the rate of free HCl evolution is very high, as the results confirm. The fact that phenyl phosphinic acid (PPA), the acid form, did not stabilize PVC seems to be in agreement with the above reasoning.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

New insights into the degradation mechanism of poly (vinyl chloride), Part (III): Implementation of new costabilizers—Towards heavy metal free systems (HMFS)

Santamaría

Edge

Allen

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…igid poly(viny1 chloride) (PVC) is commonly R blended with semi-compatible rubbery polymers, such as ABS, acrylics, nitrile rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, or ethylene/vinyl acetate, to disperse tiny rubbery domains in the glassy PVC matrix and thus produce tremendous improvement in impact strength (1)(2)(3). Most PVC is blended with compatible plasticizers to improve processibility and, more important, to make it soft and flexible (4, 5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycaprolactone as a permanent plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

Deanin

Zhengbai

1984

J. Vinyl Addit. Technol.

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Polycaprolactone at moderate usage levels has been determined to provide desirable modifications of both rigid and plasticized poly(viny1 chloride). In rigid PVC it effected significant improvement in melt processing as well as good modulus, tensile strength, and kerosene resistance. Impact strength was not measurably altered, but heatdistortion temperature was appreciably lowered. In flexible PVC, polycaprolactone contributed increased tensile strength and ultimate elongation, reduced volatility, and kerosene extraction. Lowering of modulus and flex temperatures were similar to conventional liquid polymeric plasticizers, but melt processability was not as good as lower-molecular-weight plasticizers. ZHANG ZHENG-BAI65 65 54.5 55 50 51 42 44 34 37 65 64 66.5 66 66 64 64 64 60 59 57

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Degradation and stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride). 6: Model studies on dehydrochlorination of 6(4)‐chloro‐4(5)‐tetradecenes in the presence of alkyl phosphites and zinc di(dialkyl phosphites)

Fisch¹,

Bacaloglu²

1999

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Synergistic interaction in zinc/epoxy/phosphite stabilization of polyvinyl chloride

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

New insights into the degradation mechanism of poly (vinyl chloride), Part (III): Implementation of new costabilizers—Towards heavy metal free systems (HMFS)

New insights into the degradation mechanism of poly (vinyl chloride), Part (III): Implementation of new costabilizers—Towards heavy metal free systems (HMFS)

Polycaprolactone as a permanent plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

Degradation and stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride). 6: Model studies on dehydrochlorination of 6(4)‐chloro‐4(5)‐tetradecenes in the presence of alkyl phosphites and zinc di(dialkyl phosphites)

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