Synergistic growth studies of Entamoeba gingivalis using an EcologenR

Gannon, John T.; Linke, H. A. B.

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(92)90049-q

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Construction of the Primers to Amplify Protozoan SrRNA-Genes Since the standard strains of E. gingivalis ATCC 30927 and 30928 can be obtained only as xenic cultures which contain several species of bacteria (8,9,(12)(13)(14)(15), the SrRNA gene of E. gingivalis was supposed to be amplified by PCR only with protozoan (or at least eukaryote)-specific primers. Hence, the SrRNA sequences of 16 eukaryotic genera and 7 prokaryotic genera (25) were obtained from GenBank and aligned manually with that of E. histolytica reported by Que and Reed (27).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E. gingivalis is normally found in the human oral cavity (6,7,19,20,24), and sometimes elsewhere, for example in sputum (6) or in genital tracts of women using intrauterine devices (5,8). Although some authors suggested that E. gingivalis might be involved in periodontal diseases (7,19,20), the ecology and the pathogenicity of the protozoan are still uncertain; mainly because it can not be cultivated as a pure culture (9,(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nucleotide Sequence of the SrRNA Gene of Entamoeba gingivalis: Applications for Construction of a Species‐Specific DNA Probe and Phylogenetic Analysis

Yamamoto

Kikuta

Hashimoto

et al. 1995

Microbiology and Immunology

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The small subunit ribosomal RNA (SrRNA) gene of Entamoeba gingivalis was amplified by PCR and the product of 1.9-kbp sequence was cloned into a plasmid vector pUC18. Four clones were isolated and sequenced. The insert DNAs were 1918-to 1921-bp long and A+ T rich (65.5 %). The four SrRNA sequences of E. gingivalis were found to be aligned with those of nine related protozoans while searching for E. gingivalis-specific sequences. A sequence of 28 oligonucleotides was chosen, chemically synthesized, and labeled with digoxigenin for use as a DNA probe. The probe thus constructed was shown to hybridize only with either the SrRNA-coding DNAs or the cells of the two E. gingivalis strains and not with those of other protozoans or oral fungi tested. A representative SrRNA-sequence was analyzed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining (NJ) method. Among the protists examined, E. gingivalis was placed next to Entamoeba histolytica as expected from the traditional taxonomy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleotide Sequence of the SrRNA Gene of Entamoeba gingivalis: Applications for Construction of a Species‐Specific DNA Probe and Phylogenetic Analysis

Yamamoto

Kikuta

Hashimoto

et al. 1995

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…There are several challenges ahead for determining the exact role of E. gingivalis in periodontal disease. The organism is extremely difficult to culture and it cannot be cultured in the absence of bacteria (Gannon and Linke 1992). Some bacteria accompanying the xenic cultures are detrimental to growth of E. gingivalis while other bacteria are beneficial to trophozoite growth (Gannon and Linke 1992).…”

Section: Concentration Of E Gingivalismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The organism is extremely difficult to culture and it cannot be cultured in the absence of bacteria (Gannon and Linke 1992). Some bacteria accompanying the xenic cultures are detrimental to growth of E. gingivalis while other bacteria are beneficial to trophozoite growth (Gannon and Linke 1992). Additional insight into the potential roles of E. gingivalis in periodontal health could be addressed by using molecular biology techniques to identify potential virulence factors in clinical isolates and characterize its interactions with periopathogenic bacteria in laboratory studies using in situ hybridization to detect periopathogenic bacteria that might be localized in the amoebae.…”

Section: Concentration Of E Gingivalismentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of PCR to detect Entamoeba gingivalis in diseased gingival pockets and demonstrate its absence in healthy gingival sites

Trim

Skinner²,

Farone

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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Investigators using light microscopy have identified the protozoan parasite Entamoeba gingivalis from diseased gingival pockets for nearly 100 years. The objective of the present investigation was to develop a molecular biology approach for determining the presence of E. gingivalis in both diseased gingival pockets and healthy gingival sites. For this, a previously developed conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was evaluated and a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was developed. Paper points were inserted into the base of the sulcus of both diseased gingival pockets and healthy gingival sites. DNA was extracted using the QIAamp DNA mini kit, and subsequently analyzed using conventional and real-time PCR analysis. A previously described primer set specific for the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA) of E. gingivalis was used for the conventional PCR. For the real-time PCR, a primer set was designed to amplify a 135-bp fragment inside the SSU rDNA of E. gingivalis. A conventional PCR assay detected E. gingivalis in 27% of diseased gingival pockets. The real-time PCR using a different primer set detected protozoa in 69% of diseased pocket sites. Thus, the latter technique proved more sensitive for detection of E. gingivalis. No E. gingivalis were detected in any of the healthy gingival pocket sites using either type of PCR assay. Results support a concept that the presence of E. gingivalis is associated only with diseased gingival pocket sites. The newly described methodology may also serve to provide a novel eukaryotic cell marker of disease status in gingival pockets.

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“…The parasite is very difficult to culture and cannot be cultured in the absence of bacteria [35]. The identification of the parasite has given a new approach to therapeutic interventions against periodontitis as anti-parasitic treatments in humans, patient follow-up and experimentation in animal models will also help in drawing better conclusions about the causal link between E. gingivalis and periodontitis [36].…”

Section: Entamoeba Gingivalis In Periodontitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax in Periodontal Disease

Oladokun

Opeodu

Lawal

et al. 2021

MRJI

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This review is aimed at elucidating the role of Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax in the aetiology of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease results from localised inflammation of the periodontium due to plaque accumulation and if left untreated can lead to loss of teeth. Although dental plaque is composed mainly of bacteria, Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax, both of which are protozoan parasites have been found in plaque and implicated in periodontal disease. E. gingivalis is an amoeba associated with poor oral hygiene while T. tenax is a pyriform flagellate that lives in the tartar around the teeth, cavities of carious teeth, necrotic mucosal cells in the gingival margins of gums and pus pockets in tonsillar follicles. These parasites are transmitted by close contact, saliva, droplet spray and kissing or use of contaminated dishes, cups, spoons and forks as well as drinking water. Age, gender, socio-economic status, dental condition and gingival pathology have been reported to influence the presence of the parasite. Genetic variability and stress are also some of the factors that determine the transition of the periodontium at some gingival sites from healthy to inflame. Researchers have observed that the prevalence and severity of periodontitis is higher in developing countries than developed countries. But with good oral hygiene, regular scaling and polishing and use of antiparasitic drugs, periodontal disease caused by these parasites can be prevented and periodontal health restored.

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Synergistic growth studies of Entamoeba gingivalis using an EcologenR

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Nucleotide Sequence of the SrRNA Gene of Entamoeba gingivalis: Applications for Construction of a Species‐Specific DNA Probe and Phylogenetic Analysis

Nucleotide Sequence of the SrRNA Gene of Entamoeba gingivalis: Applications for Construction of a Species‐Specific DNA Probe and Phylogenetic Analysis

Use of PCR to detect Entamoeba gingivalis in diseased gingival pockets and demonstrate its absence in healthy gingival sites

Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax in Periodontal Disease

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